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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Advances in Chemical Physics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advances in Chemical Physics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиология растений</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0015-3303</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6126</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">698777</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034624X25020021</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Energy and Pro-/Antioxidant Metabolism of <italic>Rhodiola rosea</italic> L. Buds During the Annual Growth Cycle</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЙ И ПРО-/АНТИОКСИДАНТНЫЙ МЕТАБОЛИЗМ В ТКАНЯХ ПОЧЕК ВОЗОБНОВЛЕНИЯ <italic>RHODIOLA ROSEA</italic> L. В ГОДИЧНОМ ЦИКЛЕ РАЗВИТИЯ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslova</surname><given-names>S. P</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслова</surname><given-names>С. П</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>maslova@ib.komisc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelyakin</surname><given-names>M. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелякин</surname><given-names>М. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Silina</surname><given-names>E. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силина</surname><given-names>Е. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>R. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>Р. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>72</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 72, NO2 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 72, №2 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>114</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-16"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-03-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ruspoj.com/0015-3303/article/view/698777">https://ruspoj.com/0015-3303/article/view/698777</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Data on changes in the energy status and pro-/antioxidant metabolism activity at different stages of the dormancy and upon emergence from it in <italic>Rhodiola rosea</italic> L. buds were obtained. A significant degree of water content (70–75%) and a low proportion of free water (50%) during the overwintering of buds were demonstrated. The freezing temperature of free water ranged from –6°C to –8°C, reflecting the high degree of meristematic tissues adaptation to low temperatures. During autumn-winter morphogenesis (from August to January), buds demonstrated stable rates of heat generation and O<sub>2</sub> uptake, and a high proportion of cytochrome respiration (more than 70%). In January, compared to autumn, a significant increase in the rate and efficiency of energy storage and an increase in provxidant levels (the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> content) were observed. During dormancy emergence in spring, an increase in rate of heat production and respiratory capacity, but a decrease in the energetically efficiency of respiration were observed. Compared to the autumn-winter period, the activity of energetically inefficient alternative respiration increased 4.5 times in spring, suggesting the involvement of alternative oxidase in maintaining pro-/antioxidant metabolism and plant adaptation to spring temperature fluctuations and increased insolation. In spring, compared to the dormant period, we observed a peak in provxidants accumulation and antioxidant enzymes activity. The maximal diversity and activity of SOD isoforms during spring morphogenesis may be related to the accumulation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in various cellular compartments, as a stable ROS and an important signaling molecule. We concluded that <italic>Rhodiola rosea</italic> plants adapted to more favorable conditions do not exhibit the deep, organic dormancy which is characteristic of natural conditions. Energy metabolism parameters, the capacity and ratio of the cytochrome and alternative respiratory pathways, provxidants content and antioxidant enzymes activity can serve as physiological and biochemical markers of dormancy maintenance and emergence in <italic>Rhodiola rosea</italic> buds.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Получены данные об изменениях в энергетическом статусе и активности про–/антиоксидантного метаболизма на разных этапах периода покоя и при выходе из него почек возобновления родиолы розовой (<italic>Rhodiola rosea</italic> L.). Показана значительная степень оводненности, 70–75%, и сравнительно невысокая доля свободной воды (50%) в процессе перезимовки почек возобновления. Температура замерзания свободной воды составляла от –6 до –8°C, что отражает высокую степень адаптации меристематических тканей к низким температурам. Во время осенне-зимнего морфогенеза (с августа по январь) почки возобновления имели стабильные показатели скорости тепловыделения и поглощения O<sub>2</sub>, высокую долю цитохромного дыхания (более 70%). К январю наблюдали значимое возрастание скорости и эффективности запасания энергии и повышение содержания прокосидантов (ТБК-реагирующие продукты и H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) по сравнению с осенью. В период выхода из состояния покоя, весной, выявлено усиление скорости тепловыделения и дыхательной способности, но снижение эффективности дыхания. Активность малоэффективного альтернативного дыхания весной увеличивалась в 4.5 раза по сравнению с осенне-зимним периодом, что может говорить об участии альтернативной оксидазы в поддержании про–/антиоксидантного метаболизма и адаптации растений к весенним колебаниям температур и увеличению инсоляции. Весной наблюдали максимум накопления прокосидантов и активности антиоксидантных ферментов по сравнению с периодом покоя. Максимальное разнообразие и активность изоформ СОД во время весеннего морфогенеза могут быть связаны с накоплением H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> в различных клеточных компартментах, как стабильной АФК и важной сигнальной моле– кулы. Заключили, что у адаптированных к более благоприятным условиям растений <italic>R. rosea</italic> нет глубокого, органического покоя, характерного для естественных условий. Показатели энергетического метаболизма, интенсивность цитохромного и альтернативного дыхания, уровень проксидантов и антиоксидантных ферментов могут служить физиолого-биохимическими маркерами поддержания и выхода из состояния покоя почек растений R. rosea.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Rhodiola rosea</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>cytochrome and alternative respiratory pathways</kwd><kwd>provxidants</kwd><kwd>antioxidant enzymes</kwd><kwd>dormancy</kwd><kwd>buds</kwd><kwd>energy balance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Rhodiola rosea</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>альтернативное дыхание</kwd><kwd>антиоксидантные ферменты</kwd><kwd>покой</kwd><kwd>почки возобновления</kwd><kwd>проксиданты</kwd><kwd>цитохромное дыхание</kwd><kwd>энергетический баланс</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (registration number 125020301262-2) using funds from the federal budget.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Lang G.A., Early J.D., Martin G.C., Darnell R.L. 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