Eurasian back-migration: traces in mythology?

Мұқаба

Дәйексөз келтіру

Толық мәтін

Ашық рұқсат Ашық рұқсат
Рұқсат жабық Рұқсат берілді
Рұқсат жабық Рұқсат ақылы немесе тек жазылушылар үшін

Аннотация

The author examines the world distribution of mythological motifs peculiar for Northeast Africa but absent in other parts of this continent. The corresponding narratives describe the events of the time of creation, objects and beings localized at the ultimate limits of the human world as well as episodes of the journeys of heroes to these limits. The motifs in question are absent in Central Asia and Siberia but found across Western, South and Southeast Asia, in Oceania and across the New World. Considering such distribution, these stories probably appeared at the early stages of the peopling of the oikumene (definitely before the peopling of the New World) and were brought to Africa by the populations engaged into the Eurasian back-migrations that were going since the Terminal Pleistocene and possibly earlier.

Толық мәтін

Рұқсат жабық

Авторлар туралы

Yuri Berezkin

Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: berezkin1@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6001-7339

д. и. н., заведующий отделом этнографии Америки

Ресей, 3 University Emb., St. Petersburg, 199034

Әдебиет тізімі

  1. Alexandrova, E.V. 2019. “Podzemnye karliki” v Egipte: mezhdu istoriei i mifom [“Underworld Dwarfs” in Egypt: Between History and Myth]. Shagi/Steps 5 (2): 175–187. https://doi.org/10.22394/2412–9410–2019–5–2–175–187
  2. Berezkin, Y. 2007. Dwarfs and Cranes: Baltic Finnish Mythologies in Eurasian and American Perspective (70 Years after Yriö Toivonen). Folklore 36: 75–96. https://doi.org/10.7592/FEJF2007.36.berezkin
  3. Berezkin, Y. 2010. Selecting Separate Episodes of the Peopling of the New World: Beringian–Subarctic–Eastern North American Folklore Links. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 5 (1–2): 257–276.
  4. Berezkin, Y.E. 2013. Afrika, migratsii, mifologiia. Arealy rasprostraneniia fol’klornykh motivov v istoricheskoi perspektive [Africa, Migrations, Mythology: Areal Patterns of the Folklore Motifs in the Historical Perspective]. St. Petersburg: Nauka.
  5. Berezkin, Y.E. 2016. Aziatskii sled v afrikanskom fol’klore v svete dannykh o transkontinental’nykh sviaziakh v akvatorii Indiiskogo okeana vo II tys. do n. e. [Asian Trace in the African Folklore in the Light of Data on the Transcontinental Links across the Indian Ocean, II mill. B.C. – I mill. A.D.]. In Zografskii sbornik [Zograf Collection], edited by M.F. Albedil and Y.V. Vasilkov, 5: 23–44. St. Petersburg: Museum of Anthropology & Ethnography.
  6. Berezkin, Y. 2018. Sibir’ i Tsentral’naia Aziia kak innovatsionnyi region (materialy fol’klora) [Siberia and Central Asia as a Region of Innovations (Folklore Data)]. Antropologicheskii forum 39: 33–51. https://doi.org/10.31250/1815–8870–2018–14–39–33–51
  7. Berezkin, Y.E. 2022. Kul’turnyi kontinuum boreal’noi zony Evrazii i vostochnosibirskii klin (po dannym sravnitel’noi mifologii i paleogenetiki) [The Cultural Continuum of the Eurasian Boreal Zone and the Eastern Siberian Wedge (Based on Comparative Mythology and Paleogenetics)]. Arkheologiia, etnografiia i antropologiia Evrazii 50 (2): 28–40. https://doi.org/10.17746/1563–0102.2022.50.2.028–040
  8. Bolte, J., and G. Polívka. 2013. Anmerkungen zu den Kinder- u. Hausmärchen der Brüder Grimm [Notes to the Children’s and Household Tales by the Brothers Grimm], 1 (1–60). Leipzig: Dieterichsche Verlagsbuchhandlung Theodor Weicher.
  9. Fortes-Lima, C.A., et al. 2024. The Genetic Legacy of the Expansion of Bantu-Speaking Peoples in Africa. Nature 625: 540–547. doi.org/10.1038/s41586–023–0670–6
  10. Gapasso, G., et al. 2024. Direct Evidence of Plant Consumption in Neolithic Eastern Sudan from Dental Calculus Analysis. Scientific Reports 14 (4278). doi.org/10.1038/s41598–024–53300-z
  11. Kerdoncuff, E., et al. 2024. Years of Evolutionary History of India: Insights from ~2,700 Whole Genome Sequences. BioRxiv preprint. doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.15.580575
  12. Pfenning, A., L.N. Petersen, P. Kachambwa, and J. Lachance. 2023. Evolutionary Genetics and Admixture in African Populations. Genome Biology and Evolution 15 (4): evad054. doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evad054
  13. Pitulko, V.V. 2022. Rasselenie i adaptatsiia drevnego naseleniia Vostochno-Sibirskoi Arktiki v pozdnem neopleistotsene – rannem golotsene [Settling and Adaptation of the Ancient People of East Siberian Arctic in Late Neopleistocene – Early Holocene]. PhD diss., Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography.
  14. Schlebusch, C.M., and M. Jakobsson. 2018. Tales of Human Migration, Admixture, and Selection in Africa. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 19: 405–428.
  15. Stang, H. 1982. Greenland: A Map and a Myth from the Middle East. Annual Newsletter of the Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies 16: 21–32.

Қосымша файлдар

Қосымша файлдар
Әрекет
1. JATS XML
Жүктеу
2. Fig. 1. Proteus. Trying to free himself, the captured character successively turns into various substances, objects or animals. 1. Female character. 2. Male character. 3. Horse

Жүктеу (35KB)
Метадеректер
3. Fig. 2. 1. The inhabitants of the underworld or the country on the horizon have red (yellow) hair and/or red or black skin and/or suffer from the heat of the sun, which passes them at a short distance. 2. People living at sunrise or sunset prepare food, using the heat of the passing sun. 3. The inhabitants of the country on the horizon are dwarfs.

Жүктеу (35KB)
Метадеректер
4. Fig. 3. Cranes and Pygmies. Inhabitants of a distant country, different from (ordinary) people, from time to time fight with the enemies of a non-human nature that attack them (usually migratory birds). 1. Chagga. 2. French (Gers department). 3. Arabic written tradition. 4. Ancient Greece. 5. Georgians. 6. Scandinavians. 7. Finns. 8. Western Saami. 9. Sema-Naga. 10. Ancient China. 11. Evenki of China. 12. Nanai. 13. Inupiat of the Bering Strait. 14. Tlingit, Tsimshian, Bellacula. 15. Comox, Snohomish, Skagit, Nisqually, Yakima. 16. Fox. 17. Sarcee, Blackfoot, Gros Ventre. 18. Crow. 19. Natchez, Alabama, Chickasaw. 20. Cherokee. 21. Zuni, Navajo, Jicarilla, Western Apache. 22. Lipan. 23. Tarahumara. 24. Embera, Nonama, Kuna. 25. Shuar. 26. Tacana. 27. Kuicuro, Kamayura

Жүктеу (36KB)
Метадеректер
5. Fig. 4. Caesarean section. Women's abdomens were cut open to extract the baby. Someone explains how to give birth or makes childbirth possible

Жүктеу (37KB)
Метадеректер

© Russian Academy of Sciences, 2024