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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российская педиатрическая офтальмология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-1859</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-432X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">39516</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18821/1993-1859-2016-11-3-118-120</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The clinical manifestations of keratoconus in the patients presenting with Down syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинические проявления кератоконуса у пациентов с синдромом Дауна</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikbov</surname><given-names>M. M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикбов</surname><given-names>М. М</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Surkova</surname><given-names>V. K</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суркова</surname><given-names>В. К</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Usubov</surname><given-names>E. L</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усубов</surname><given-names>Э. Л</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Oganisyan</surname><given-names>Karine Khachaturovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганисян</surname><given-names>Карине Хачатуровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior research scientist of the Department of Corneal and Lens Surgery, Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Academy of Sciences of Bashkortostan</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н.с. отделения хирургии роговицы и хрусталика ГБУ «Уфимский НИИ глазных болезней АН РБ»</p></bio><email>oko-ufa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Academy of Sciences of Bashkortostan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУ «Уфимский НИИ глазных болезней АН РБ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 11, NO3 (2016)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 11, №3 (2016)</issue-title><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-22"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/39516">https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/39516</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Down syndrome is one the most widespread forms of genomic pathology accompanied by mental retardation and impairment of cognitive functions. One of the commonest eye diseases in the patients with Down syndrome is corneal ectasia that occurs 10 times more frequently in the children with Down syndrome than in the general population. Objective. Of the present study was the comparative analysis of the biometric parameters of the cornea and the clinical manifestations of keratoconus in the patients presenting with Down syndrome. Materials and methods. We undertook the comprehensive analysis of the biometric parameters of the cornea in 54 patients (108 eyes) with Down syndrome who made up the main study group. The control group was comprised of 62 practically healthy children (124 eyes). Results. The patients presenting with Down syndrome were found to have a higher refractive power of the cornea, a more pronounced elevation of the posterior corneal surface and its irregular patterns, a smaller corneal thickness, and lower degree of corneal hysteresis in comparison with the control children. The verified diagnosis of keratoconus was established in 11 patients of the main group. Conclusion. The present study has revealed keratoconus in 11 (20.4%) children presenting with Down syndrome which suggests a higher prevalence of this pathology in our study group in comparison with its mean prevalence reported thus far for the general population. The early subclinical forms of ceratoconus are known to more frequently occur in the children aged from 12 to 18 years, with the incidence of its later stages being especially high in the group of the patients between 19 and 38 years of age. This discrepancy is supposed to be attributable to the progression of the clinical symptoms of the eye disease with age and its late diagnostics. The deviation of corneal biometric characteristics from the respective normal values documented in 79.6% of the patients included in the present study should be regarded as reflecting the objective situation. It is concluded that the patients presenting with Down syndrome should be referred to the group at enhanced risk of development of keratoconus and undergo the regular ophthalmological examination.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Синдром Дауна - одна из наиболее часто встречающихся форм геномной патологии, сопровождающейся умственной отсталостью, снижением когнитивных функций. У детей с синдромом Дауна кератоконус встречаются в 10 раз чаще, чем в общей популяции. Цель - сравнительный анализ биометрических показателей роговицы и клинических проявлений кератоконуса у пациентов с синдромом Дауна. Материал и методы. Был проведен комплексный анализ биометрических показателей роговицы 54 пациентов (108 глаз) с синдромом Дауна - основная группа. Контрольную группу составили 62 (124 глаз) практически здоровых человека. Результаты. При синдроме Дауна была выявлена более высокая преломляющая сила роговицы, выраженная элевация задней поверхности роговицы, иррегулярность поверхности роговицы, более низкая толщина роговицы, низкие показатели корнеального гистерезиса. У 11 пациентов в основной группе был верифицирован диагноз кератоконус. Заключение. При синдроме Дауна кератоконус был верифицирован у 11 (20,4%) пациентов, что превышает среднестатистические показатели частоты кератоконуса в общей популяции. У пациентов в возрасте 12-18 лет чаще встречались начальные, субклинические формы кератоконуса, в возрасте 19-38 лет - далекозашедшие стадии кератоконуса, гидропс роговицы, что, возможно, связано с манифестацией, прогрессированием и более поздней диагностикой заболевания. Пациенты с рассматриваемой генетической патологией - синдромом Дауна - должны входить в группу повышенного риска развития кератоконуса и проходить динамическое офтальмологическое обследование.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>keratoconus</kwd><kwd>Down syndrome</kwd><kwd>diagnostics of corneal ectasia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кератоконус</kwd><kwd>синдром Дауна</kwd><kwd>диагностика кератоэктазий</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Гузеев Г.Г. Эффективность генетического консультирования. М.; 2005: 22-33.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Шабалов Н.П. Педиатрия. СПб.: СпецЛит; 2003: 37-57.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Van Splunder J., Stilma J.S., Bernsen R.M., Evenhuis H.M. 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