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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российская педиатрическая офтальмология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-1859</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-432X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">562775</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rpoj562775</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Аcoustic characteristics of the optic nerve in children with normal and congenital pathologies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акустические характеристики зрительного нерва у детей в норме и при врождённой патологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8878-4425</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8196-5229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sudovskaya</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Судовская</surname><given-names>Татьяна Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><email>sudovskaya-tv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-6407</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">34067953700</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5824-5991</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Рrofessor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>tkiseleva05@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-592X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2972-9208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Eliseeva</surname><given-names>Elena K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисеева</surname><given-names>Елена Константиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>eliseevaek@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2073-7627</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7151-6437</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baeva</surname><given-names>Alena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баева</surname><given-names>Алена Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Graduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>baeva_a2804@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4135-1128</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2390-5647</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitsev</surname><given-names>Maxim S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцев</surname><given-names>Максим Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>zaicev1549@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2768-0443</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2241-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogoleva</surname><given-names>Ludmila V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коголева</surname><given-names>Людмила Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><email>kogoleva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3531-3846</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9919-6167</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lugovkina</surname><given-names>Kseniya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луговкина</surname><given-names>Ксения Вадимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>ksushalyg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-1143</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1714-7669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bedretdinov</surname><given-names>Aleksey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бедретдинов</surname><given-names>Алексей Наильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>anbedretdinov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Evdokimov State Medical Stomatological University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>153</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-21"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-08-28"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-10-22"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/562775">https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/562775</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>To determine the acoustic biometric parameters of the optic nerve in children with normal and congenital pathologies.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIAL AND METHODS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> In total, 130 children (260 eyes) aged from 1 year to 16 years were examined. Of these children, 80 (160 eyes) had congenital pathology—hypoplasia and partial atrophy of the optic nerve (ON). The control group consisted of 50 healthy children (100 eyes), who had no ON and retina diseases and refractive errors, except for mild myopia. The healthy children and those with ON pathology were divided into age groups: 1–3 years (group 1), 4–10 years (group 2), and 11–16 years (group 3). Ultrasound examination included measuring the thickness of the retrobulbar part of the ON sheaths.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>The average ON sheath thickness (ONST) of groups 1, 2 and 3 were 3.78±0.1, 4.26±0.06, and 4.19±0.09 mm, respectively. A statistically significant relationship was established by age and sex of the examined children and ONST (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.05). The mean ONST was significantly lower in girls than in boys (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.05). In 48 children (96 eyes), ONST decreased in groups 2 and 3 compared with the control group (<italic>p</italic> &gt;0.05). In 32 children (64 eyes) with ON hypoplasia, the ONST significantly decreased in all age groups compared with the control group (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.05).</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The ultrasound examination of the ON can be used for the clinical and functional diagnosis for congenital anomalies (hypoplasia of the ON and ON partial atrophy) and pathological conditions of the brain.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель</bold>. Определить акустические биометрические параметры зрительного нерва у детей разного возраста в норме и при врождённой патологии.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы</bold>. Обследовано 130 детей (260 глаз) в возрасте от 1 года до 16 лет. Из всех детей 80 человек (160 глаз) имели врождённую патологию, такую как гипоплазия и частичная атрофия зрительного нерва (ЧАЗН). Группу контроля составили 50 здоровых детей (100 глаз), у которых отсутствовали заболевания зрительного нерва и сетчатки, а также аномалии рефракции за исключением миопии слабой степени. Здоровые дети и пациенты с патологией зрительного нерва были разделены по возрасту на 3 группы: от 1 года до 3 лет (1-я группа), от 4 до 10 лет (2-я группа), от 11 до 16 лет (3-я группа). Ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ) включало измерение толщины ретробульбарной части зрительного нерва с оболочками.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. В 1-й группе детей средние показатели толщины зрительного нерва с оболочками (ТОЗН) составили 3,78±0,1 мм, во 2-й группе — 4,26±0,06 мм и в 3-й группе — 4,19±0,09 мм. Установлена статистически достоверная взаимосвязь между возрастом и полом обследуемых детей и ТОЗН (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,05). У девочек в норме среднее значение ТОЗН было достоверно ниже по сравнению с таковым показателем у мальчиков (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,05). У 48 детей (96 глаз) с ЧАЗН выявлено недостоверное уменьшение толщины оболочек зрительного нерва во 2-й и 3-й группах по сравнению с контролем (<italic>р </italic>&gt;0,05). У 32 детей (64 глаза) с гипоплазией зрительного нерва наблюдалось значительное уменьшение ТОЗН во всех возрастных группах по сравнению с контролем (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,05).</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Ультразвуковой метод исследования зрительного нерва может быть использован для определения клинико-функционального прогноза при врождённых аномалиях, таких как гипоплазия и частичная атрофия зрительного нерва, а также при патологических состояниях головного мозга.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultrasound examination</kwd><kwd>optic nerve sheath thickness</kwd><kwd>acoustic biometric parameters of optic nerve</kwd><kwd>optic nerve hypoplasia</kwd><kwd>optic nerve partial atrophy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование</kwd><kwd>толщина оболочек зрительного нерва</kwd><kwd>акустические биометрические параметры</kwd><kwd>гипоплазия зрительного нерва</kwd><kwd>частичная атрофия зрительного нерва</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katargina LA, Arestova NN, Michaylova LA. 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