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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российская педиатрическая офтальмология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-1859</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-432X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">655871</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rpoj655871</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">QLYACH</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of platelets in retinopathy of prematurity</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль тромбоцитов в развитии ретинопатии недоношенных</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9249-5013</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6033-6471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lesovoy</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лесовой</surname><given-names>Сергей Валерьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>sergforester1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7534-3863</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2788-7755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Seregina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серёгина</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>elsereg@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5209-2099</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3229-6298</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poletaev</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полетаев</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>poletaev_alexandr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-1884</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1632-6420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vuimo</surname><given-names>Tatiana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вуймо</surname><given-names>Татьяна Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>
</p><p>
</p><p>канд. биол. наук</p>

</bio><email>natasha_tcheb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4985-7198</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9251-6263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Yuliya D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Юлия Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kuznecovay2011@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8524-0019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9350-1266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salmasi</surname><given-names>Jean M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салмаси</surname><given-names>Жеан Мустафаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>profjms@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-7092</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8314-7638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashova</surname><given-names>Larisa M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашова</surname><given-names>Лариса Маратовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>blm1962@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital — branch of the Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская детская клиническая больница — филиал Российского национального исследовательского медицинского университета имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">International Scientific and Practical Center for Tissue Proliferation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Международный научно-практический центр пролиферации тканей</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачёва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачёва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр теоретических проблем физико-химической фармакологии Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital — branch of the Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская детская клиническая больница — филиал Российского национального исследовательского медицинского университета имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>146</fpage><lpage>153</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-14"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-29"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-08-11"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/655871">https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/655871</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review discusses the factors affecting the development of retinopathy of prematurity, namely, the role of low platelet count in the pathogenesis of the disease and association with its severe forms. Recently, platelets have been revealed to play a key role in angiogenesis and the delivery of regulatory proteins. This pathogenetic association may be attributed to two factors. Firstly, children with retinopathy of prematurity and low platelet count develop disrupted delivery of regulatory proteins necessary to maintain optimal platelet count. Secondly, excess vascular endothelial growth factor A is absorbed incompletely, which contributes to overstimulation of endothelial cells, their proliferation, and hence retinopathy of prematurity. Thus, the main pathogenetic mechanisms of platelet count effect on the development of retinopathy of prematurity may be associated with the fact that they locally stimulate or inhibit angiogenesis. Low platelet count in peripheral blood slows down normal vasculogenesis of the peripheral retina. However, platelet transfusions and partial hemolysis result in release of bioactive substances regulating angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia Inducible factor, from platelet granules, which leads to abnormal vasoproliferation. That is why further studies of platelet count management are warranted to determine the preferred timing and quantities of infusion therapy, which can provide clinical benefit. The need for platelet transfusion in patients with retinopathy of prematurity and thrombocytopenia is still a matter for discussion.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре рассмотрены факторы, влияющие на развитие ретинопатии недоношенных, в частности роль низкого содержания тромбоцитов в патогенезе данного заболевания и связь с развитием её тяжёлых форм. Современные исследования свидетельствуют о том, что тромбоциты играют ключевую роль в ангиогенных процессах и доставке регуляторных белков. Патогенетическая связь может быть обусловлена двумя факторами. Во-первых, у детей с ретинопатией недоношенных в условиях низкого количества тромбоцитов возникает нарушение доставки регуляторных белков, необходимых для поддержания их оптимального содержания. Во-вторых, происходит неполное поглощение избытка фактора роста эндотелия сосудов А, что способствует чрезмерной стимуляции эндотелиальных клеток, их пролиферации и, как следствие, развитию ретинопатии недоношенных. Таким образом, основные патогенетические механизмы влияния содержания тромбоцитов на развитие ретинопатии недоношенных, вероятно, связаны с тем, что они локально стимулируют или подавляют ангиогенез. При их низком содержании в периферической крови нарушается нормальный васкулогенез периферических зон сетчатки. Однако при переливании донорской тромбоцитарной массы и частичном гемолизе из гранул тромбоцитов высвобождаются биологически активные вещества — регуляторы ангиогенеза, включая фактор роста эндотелия сосудов и индуцированный гипоксией фактор. Это приводит к патологически ненормированной вазопролиферации. Именно поэтому коррекция тромбоцитов требует дополнительных исследований для определения оптимальных сроков и объёмов инфузионной терапии, способных обеспечить положительный клинический эффект. Необходимость переливания тромбоцитов при ретинопатии недоношенных и тромбоцитопении всё ещё остаётся предметом научных дискуссий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retinopathy of prematurity</kwd><kwd>thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>platelets</kwd><kwd>vascular endothelial growth factor A</kwd><kwd>platelet transfusion</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретинопатия недоношенных</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>тромбоциты</kwd><kwd>фактор роста эндотелия сосудов А</kwd><kwd>переливание тромбоцитарной массы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Cavallaro G, Filippi L, Bagnoli P, et al. The pathophysiology of retinopathy of prematurity: an update of previous and recent knowledge. Acta Ophthalmologica. 2013;92(1):2–20. doi: 10.1111/aos.12049</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Hellström A, Smith LEH, Dammann O. Retinopathy of prematurity. 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