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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российская педиатрическая офтальмология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-1859</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-432X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">690083</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rpoj690083</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">XNPQNU</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Progressive myopia in children and strategies for myopia control: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Прогрессирующая миопия у детей и методы её стабилизации: обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4415-4124</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9976-5862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Timerbulatova</surname><given-names>Diana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимербулатова</surname><given-names>Диана Артуровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa Eye Research Institute, MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней</p></bio><email>timerbulatova-diana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3576-9322</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4027-1916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Faizullina</surname><given-names>Alia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файзуллина</surname><given-names>Алия Салаватовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa Eye Research Institute, MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней, канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>a.faizullina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>253</fpage><lpage>261</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-04"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-28"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-01-23"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/690083">https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/690083</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Myopia is one of the most common ocular disorders in children and adolescents, and its progressive forms are becoming a global medical and social problem. The World Health Organization predicts that myopia will affect over 5 billion people by the middle of the 21st century. Interestingly, it develops most often in school-aged children. It is critical to study the mechanisms of its progression, including genetic predisposition, accommodative dysfunction, and scleral structural changes. This review presents current data from Russian and non-Russian studies of the pathogenesis and ocular morphology in myopia. Optical, pharmacological, and surgical strategies for myopia control are discussed. Biomechanical properties of the sclera and new technologies to improve them are reviewed. The role of prophylaxis is also summarized. An analysis of current strategies shows that effective management of progressive myopia is ensured only by a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach including clinical, experimental, social, and environmental measures. The article highlights that further multicenter studies are warranted to assess the long-term safety and effectiveness of the proposed strategies. The findings are useful to both researchers and clinicians treating children with myopia.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Миопия является одной из наиболее распространённых офтальмопатологий у детей и подростков, причём её прогрессирующие формы приобретают характер глобальной медико-социальной проблемы. По прогнозам Всемирной организации здравоохранения, к середине XXI века число людей с миопией превысит 5 млрд. В свою очередь, наибольшую заболеваемость отмечают именно в школьном возрасте. Особое значение имеет изучение механизмов её прогрессирования, включающих генетическую предрасположенность, функциональную несостоятельность аккомодационного аппарата и структурные изменения склеры. В настоящем обзоре представлены современные данные отечественных и зарубежных исследований, касающиеся патогенеза и морфологических особенностей глаза при миопической рефракции. Рассмотрены методы стабилизации заболевания: оптические, фармакологические и хирургические. Приведены сведения о биомеханических свойствах склеры и новых технологиях, направленных на их укрепление. Кроме того, обобщены данные о роли профилактических мероприятий. Анализ современных подходов показывает, что эффективное управление прогрессирующей миопией возможно только при комплексном междисциплинарном подходе, сочетающем клинические, экспериментальные и социально-гигиенические меры. Подчёркивается необходимость дальнейших многоцентровых исследований для оценки долгосрочной безопасности и результативности предлагаемых стратегий. Полученные выводы представляют интерес как для исследователей, так и для клиницистов, занимающихся проблемой контроля миопии у детей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myopia</kwd><kwd>progressive myopia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>axial length</kwd><kwd>accommodation</kwd><kwd>sclera</kwd><kwd>scleroplasty</kwd><kwd>crosslinking</kwd><kwd>atropine</kwd><kwd>orthokeratology</kwd><kwd>peripheral defocus</kwd><kwd>prevention of myopia</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миопия</kwd><kwd>прогрессирующая миопия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>аксиальная длина глаза</kwd><kwd>аккомодация</kwd><kwd>склера</kwd><kwd>склеропластика</kwd><kwd>кросслинкинг</kwd><kwd>атропин</kwd><kwd>ортокератология</kwd><kwd>периферический дефокус</kwd><kwd>профилактика миопии</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Миопия: клинические рекомендации. 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