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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Pediatric Ophthalmology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российская педиатрическая офтальмология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-1859</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-432X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">84509</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rpoj84509</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Structure of corneal opacities in children in a specialized hospital practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нозологическая структура помутнений роговицы у детей в практике специализированного стационара</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-6504</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamakaeva</surname><given-names>Indira R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамакаева</surname><given-names>Индира Рахимжановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>imamakaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4458-4605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleskova</surname><given-names>Alla V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плескова</surname><given-names>Алла Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Med. Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник патологии глаз у детей</p></bio><email>dho@igb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-0374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Katargina</surname><given-names>Lyudmila A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катаргина</surname><given-names>Людмила Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Med. Sciences, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела патологии глаз у детей</p></bio><email>katargina@igb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-11-01"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-11-10"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/84509">https://ruspoj.com/1993-1859/article/view/84509</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> To evaluate the nosological structure of various etiologies in a specialized pediatric ophthalmosurgical center for 5 years (from 2016 to 2020)</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIAL AND METHODS</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Eye Pathology in Children of the Helmholtz Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases from January 01, 2016, to December 31, 2020, and collected and summarized clinical observations in children with corneal opacity (CO) of various etiologies. Statistical annual reports and case histories of children who were hospitalized in the pediatric surgical department were analyzed. The analysis of discharge epicrisis was conducted only in children with corneal changes of various natures.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>The proportion of children with corneal opacities from 2016 to 2020 was 13.5% (954 children out of 7066 hospitalized). Secondary CO was determined in most cases and amounted to 75.2%. The leading nosologies were congenital corneal opacities (24.8%), post-traumatic changes (33.6%), and post-inflammatory corneal degenerations (37.1%). Penetrating keratoplasty was more often performed in congenital pathology (55.8%), and scarification was more often used in the group of children with postuveal CO (96.3%).</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>Corneal opacities in children have a significant role in the overall structure of the visual organ pathology in children and have a large polymorphism. CO was secondary in the vast majority of children. Therefore, methods of CO prevention were searched. The general nosological structure did not undergo significant fluctuations throughout the study period.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Цель</italic></bold><italic>.</italic> Оценить нозологическую структуру помутнений роговицы (ПР) различной этиологии в специализированном детском офтальмохирургическом центре за 5 лет (с 2016 по 2020 год).</p> <p><bold><italic>Материал и методы</italic></bold><italic>. </italic>В ретроспективном исследовании, проводившемся в отделе патологии глаз у детей ФГБУ «НМИЦ глазных болезней им. Гельмгольца» с 01.01.2016 по 31.12.2020 год, собрали и обобщили клинические наблюдения у детей с ПР различной этиологии. Были проанализированы статистические годовые отчеты и истории болезни детей, находившихся на стационарном лечение в детском хирургическом отделении. Анализ выписных эпикризов проводился только у детей с изменениями роговицы различного характера.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты</italic></bold><italic>.</italic> Доля детей с помутнениями роговицы с 2016 по 2020 год составляла 13,5% (954 ребёнка из 7066 гос-питализированных). Установлено, что вторичные ПР определялись в большинстве случаев и составили 75,2%. В структуре нозологий ведущими были врождённые помутнения роговицы (24,8%), посттравматические изменения (33,6%), и поствоспалительные дегенерации роговицы (37,1%). Сквозная кератопластика чаще проводилась при врождённой патологии (55,8%), а скарификация чаще применялась в группе детей с постувеальными ПР (96,3%).</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение</italic></bold><italic>. </italic>Помутнения роговицы у детей имеют значимый удельный вес в общей структуре патологии органа зрения у детей и обладают большим полиморфизмом. У подавляющего большинства детей ПР носили вторичный характер, что является основанием для поиска методов профилактики ПР. Общая нозологическая структура не претерпевала значимых колебаний на протяжении всего исследуемого периода.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>corneal opacity</kwd><kwd>nosological structure</kwd><kwd>specific gravity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>помутнение роговицы (ПР)</kwd><kwd>нозологическая структура</kwd><kwd>удельный вес</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katargina LA, Mikhaylova LA. The state of the children’s ophthalmological service in the Russian Federation (2012-2013). Russian pediatric ophthalmology. 2015;10(1):5–10. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Катаргина Л.А., Михайлова Л.А. 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