Volume 19, Nº 2 (2025)

The increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms (MN), on the one hand, and the success of modern diagnostic technologies and antitumor treatment determine the relevance of expanding and improving measures for medical and social rehabilitation of cancer patients. The article presents an analysis of the dynamics of detection of MN of the female reproductive system (2014-2023) in the Chechen Republic and the possibilities of comprehensive medical and social rehabilitation at various levels of the regional system of oncological care for the population. A modern approach to the prevention of relapse of the malignant process and maintaining the health of women with MN of the reproductive system is a personalized approach and continuous staged rehabilitation. An algorithm for assessing the rehabilitation potential and of the rehabilitation routing scale for female with MN of the reproductive system are presented.

The state is carrying out systematic work to simplify and objectify the procedure for conducting medical and social examination, touching upon issues of interdepartmental interaction. Despite the measures taken, citizens still note the difficulty of passing the entire procedure for establishing disability, from medical examinations to passing the examination itself, including additional request for documents. Medical organizations cannot transfer medical documents to institutions of medical and social examination. This not only violates the established procedure for recognizing a citizen as disabled, but also violates the rights of citizens to comply with medical secrets. This violates the provisions of regulatory legal acts regulating the passage of the medical and social examination, but also legislation in the field of protecting the health of citizens. The way out of this situation is seen in the exclusion of the facts of the exchange of medical documentation when establishing disability, as well as legal education of employees of both medical organizations and medical and social examination institutions.

The article presents the main social and hygienic characteristics of the contingent paid to patients with different degrees of "fragility" (old asthenia syndrome). Such indicators as gender and age, family status, employment, visibility and social activity, ability to self-service, financial well-being are taken into account. The general physical condition of elderly patients was studied using the physical condition index (PCI), which reflects the adaptive capabilities of patients.

It was revealed that elderly patients with SSA are older in age, most of them do not work and they exhibit less physical activity. Low IFS indicators in all groups indicate the predominant failure of the adaptive capabilities of elderly patients.

The presented article analyzes data on the prevalence of aortic stenosis, its pathogenesis, conservative and surgical treatment, summarizes modern approaches to diagnosis and algorithms for managing aortic stenosis in older patients from the point of view of a multidisciplinary team, including a geriatrician.

State social policy measures significantly affect the formation of conditions conducive to the quality and increase in life expectancy through the modernization of the life support system for the older age group of the population. The data of official statistics, the national demographic report "Demographic well-being of the regions of Russia", the content of scientific publications, as well as the materials of the website of the Department of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of Moscow on this issue are analyzed. It has been established that the activities of professional social workers in the field of social protection of the population contribute to a long and active life of older citizens who receive services in stationary, semi-stationary forms and social services at home. The participation of professional social workers in the implementation of programs aimed at the formation of healthy longevity has been revealed. It is shown that social workers use the following technologies in their work with the older generation: social diagnostics, prevention, individual support, long-term care, social adaptation, social rehabilitation, counseling, occupational therapy, ecotherapy, art therapy, social tourism.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the world, with 17.9 million deaths worldwide each year. Mortality in the Russian Federation (RF) from CVD in 2023 amounted to 556.7 cases per 100 thousand people. Every year, statistics show a deterioration in the health status of workers, where about 85% of sudden deaths occur due to CVD. Despite a thorough examination of employees during the passage of a medical expert commission, pre- and post-flight examinations, preventive measures and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, cases of sudden death of employees of locomotive crews persist. Based on the analysis of the literature, the main predictors of the formation of CVD and the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) have been identified.