EFFECT OF POTATO TREATMENT WITH TERPENOIDS WITH ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY ON THE MYCOBIOTA OF ITS LEAFS

Based on the results of high-throughput DNA sequencing using ILLUMINA technology, the taxonomic composition and ecological profile of fungal communities of potato leaves (Solanum tuberosum L.) of healthy plants and artificially infected with phytopathogenic fungi Phytophthora infestans (late blight) and Colletotrichum coccoides (anthracnose) were evaluated. Treatment of potatoes with compounds with antifungal activity – neutral components of spruce woody green extract E1, acidic components of pine woody green extract E2, synthetic meroterpenoids 1,2-dihydroxy-3-isobornyl-5-methylbenzene F1 and C-terpenylanilines A1 – affected the formation of mycobiota associated with the leaf and tuberous productivity of plants in various ways. Differences in the taxonomic composition of fungal communities were found both between communities characteristic of plants grown on different infectious backgrounds and those treated with various drugs. A significant increase in the number of fungal taxa detected in leaves compared with the control (48 phylotypes) was facilitated by A1 (95 phylotypes) and F1 (86 phylotypes) applied against the background of late blight, and A1 (89 phylotypes) – against the background of anthracnose development. Among the taxa identified during the study were fungi belonging to such ecologically significant categories (guilds) as saprotrophs, symbiotrophs, pathotrophs and forms with multiple functions in various combinations. When comparing the data of the metagenomic analysis of the mycobiota of potato leaves with its tuberous productivity, a positive relationship was found between the indicators of the taxonomic richness of the mycobiota and the mass of tubers from the plant. In the mycobiota, in variants with higher tuber productivity compared to the control (98 g) (treatment of F1 (168 g) and A1 (130 g) against late blight and E2 (134 g) against anthracnose), the representation of fungi belonging to the saprotrophe-symbiotrophe, saprotrophe pathotrophe-saprotrophe-symbiotrophe and pathotrophe-saprotrophe guilds increased. An increase in taxonomic diversity and a change in the ecological profile of fungal communities may be due to the membranotropic effect of some terpene components, which facilitates the penetration of phylloplane inhabitants into plant tissues. It is concluded that the treatment of potatoes with the studied compounds leads to a change in the taxonomic composition and ecological profile of the mycobiota of phylloplana, which affects the tuberous productivity of potatoes.

potato Solanum tuberosum L., terpenoids, woody greens of conifers, fungal community, taxonomic diversity, ecological profile of the community