Isolated Solar Cosmic Ray Events Caused by Energetic Storm Particles (ESPs)

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Abstract

Based on the catalogs of solar proton events for the 23rd and 24th solar cycles, events were chosen
that lacked a reliable source of particles but were accompanied by interplanetary and geomagnetic disturbances.
As a rule, these events involve small proton fluxes that are detected near the Earth. All of the selected
events occurred during the arrival of shock waves to the Earth, suggesting that they were likely caused by the
arrival of energetic storm particles. It has been shown that flares accompanied by coronal mass ejections,
which occurred tens of hours before the onset of the increase in particle fluxes in Earth’s orbit, could be the
source of these events. The selected events exhibited several specific features. Only one of them was accompanied
by a single shock front, while the others had two or three shock waves. The time profile of the events
resembled a structure bounded by two shock fronts, suggesting that the shock waves likely accelerated and
confined the particles within a limited region of space.

About the authors

G. A. Bazilevskaya

Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bazilevskayaga@lebedev.ru
Moscow, 119991 Russia

E. I. Daibog

Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University;

Email: daibog@srd.sinp.msu.ru
Moscow, 119991 Russia

Yu. I. Logachev

Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: logachev@srd.sinp.msu.ru
Moscow, 119991 Russia

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Copyright (c) 2023 Г.А. Базилевская, Е.И. Дайбог, Ю.И. Логачев