Professional risk of the development of dermatological diseases in workers of production of secondary precious metals

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Abstract

Introduction. Working conditions in the metallurgical industry are characterized by the impact of unfavorable production factors on the workers of the complex. This leads to a high level of the occupational and general morbidity rate in metallurgists. The production of secondary metals is an intensively developing direction of metallurgy, which determines the urgency of studying the labor and health conditions of workers in this industry at the present stage.

Material and methods. A comprehensive assessment of the working conditions of the workers of Shchelkovsky Secondary Precious Metals Plant was conducted. The occupational risk for the health of the core occupations of secondary precious metals was quantified, there were estimated the profile of occupational risk and the main unfavorable factors of the production process,  making a significant contribution to the formation of dermatological morbidity of personnel.

Results. Priority occupational risk factors for the formation of dermatological diseases in workers of secondary precious metals production is the impact of a multicomponent industrial aerosol and a heating microclimate. The chemical factor contributes a significant share contribution (20-25%) to the occupational risk profile and gives high indices of individual occupational health risks for workers in the main occupations of this production. The occupational risk of the incidence rate with a temporary disability (TD) in the enterprise as a whole is regarded as super-high. The incidence of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue in workers reaches the highest level in the main production divisions and makes up in the structure of the total morbidity rate with TD of 12.3 to 14.5%.

Discussion. The personal occupational risk of the secondary production of precious metals is determined by a significant proportion of employees in the core occupations with harmful working conditions on a chemical factor. The specific labor conditions of the main professional groups determine the high level of the relative risk of dermatological diseases (RR = 2.31), and the etiological share of occupational factors in their formation ranges from 56.79 to 88.84%, which proves their production conditionality.

About the authors

I. V. Yatsyna

F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Author for correspondence.
Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8650-8803
Russian Federation

I. V. Moiseeva

F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

Lyudmila M. Saarkoppel

F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: erisman-clinic@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2825-8858

MD, Ph.D., DSci., professor, chief doctor of Institute of General and professional pathology F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mytischi, 141014, Russian Federation.

e-mail: erisman-clinic@yandex.ru

Russian Federation

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