Dynamics of changes in levels of cytokines and neuronal antibodies in vinyl chloride workers in the manufacture

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Abstract

Introduction. Vinyl chloride, which has a polytropic effect on the human body is the main harmful substance in the production of vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride.

The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics (after 5 years) of the cytokine profile and autoimmune response against the proteins of the nervous tissue in workers with continued chronic exposure to toxicants. 

Material and methods. The paper presents the results of a laboratory immunological examination of those working in the production of vinyl chloride with an average level of occupational risk caused by exposure to vinyl chloride and 1,2-dichloroethane. 

Results. The character of cytokine regulation disorders in a primary examination in healthy workers and persons with initial manifestations of neurointoxication with vinyl chloride is characterized by a rise in proinflammatory IL-1β and  IL-4 with a simultaneous decrease in IL-2 and TNFα, and a more pronounced hyperproduction IL-1β against the background of a decline in IL-4 and IL-2. At repeated examination 5 years after the increase of immunity intensity in healthy workers and disbalance in the system of pro - antiinflammatory cytokines in persons with initial manifestations of neurointoxication was registered, which determines the different degree of the manifestation of compensatory and protective responses that do not allow the full implementation of protective mechanisms in the case of chronic exposure. 

Discussion. A more pronounced decrease in immunoreactivity relative to the proteins of the nervous tissue in workers with initial manifestations of neurointoxication in the dynamics of chronic effects of production factors is shown. The results obtained made it possible to identify informative biomarkers (IL-1β, TNFα, INFγ, IL-4, S-100, NF-200, TMP) that allow us evaluating the degree of the expression of compensatory-protective responses of the immune response and can be used to monitor the development of the pathological process. 

Conclusion. Identification of the leading immunopathogenetic factors of neurological deficiency can be the basis for elaborating a method for predicting the individual risk of developing professional neurointoxication.

About the authors

Galina M. Bodienkova

East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research

Author for correspondence.
Email: immun11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0428-3063

MD, Ph.D., DSci., professor, head of the Laboratory of immune, biochemical and molecular genetic studies of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation; Professor of the Department of Industrial Ecology and Life Safety of the Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, 664074, Russian Federation.

e-mail: immun11@yandex.ru

Russian Federation

S. I. Kurchevenko

East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9155-1008
Russian Federation

E. V. Boklazhenko

East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2025-8303
Russian Federation

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