Duration of the work experience and character in occupational pathology of miners in the Arctic zone of Russia

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Introduction. Due to the impact of harmful production factors and severe climatic conditions, miners in the Arctic zone of Russia are part of a group of workers with an increased risk of occupational diseases (OD). The aim of the study. was to investigate the influence of the length of service on the formation and nature of OD in miners of the Arctic zone of Russia. 

Material and methods. We analyzed 2276 OD cases diagnosed in 1,250 miners who were divided into seven groups depending on the length of service. 

Results. It was established that within the first 5 years, only single cases of OD were recorded. With an increase in the length of service to 6-10 years, the highest risk of the developing OD and an increase in the number of patients with OD (by 18.8 times) were noted. Also, during this period, there was an increase in risks of forming vibration disease (RR = 48.9; CI 6.68-358.2), diseases of the musculoskeletal (RR = 66.1; CI 9.11-479.1), and nervous ((RR = 37,8; CI = 5,11-279,4) systems, and hearing loss (RR = 18.3; CI 2.37-141.6). The subsequent labor activity was accompanied by a progressive deterioration in the miners’ health indices, especially with experience exceeding 25 years. The shortest average experience preceded the development of the nervous diseases amounted of 18.6 ± 0.9 years. The longer periods of time (p<0.02-0.01) were needed for forming vibration disease (21.0 ± 0.4 years), musculoskeletal diseases (21.8 ± 0.9 years) and hearing loss (24.5 ± 0.6 years). The development of OD in sinkers occupied the minimum period of exposure to harmful factors (18.8 ± 0.3 years). Its duration was less (p < 0.001) than that of workers in other professions. 

Conclusion. It is necessary to make adjustments to the regulations for medical examinations of miners, especially in the arsenal of methods for diagnosing early health disorders. It is advisable to conduct the differentiated treatment activities as early as possible (within the first five years of work), taking into account the identified timing and risks of OD, as well as limiting the duration of miners’ professional career to 25 years.

Sobre autores

Sergei Syurin

North-West Public Health Research Center

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: kola.reslab@mail.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0275-0553

DSc in Medicine, Chief Researcher, Department of hygiene of the of the North-West Public Health Research Center, S-Petersburg, 191036, Russian Federation.

e-mail: kola.reslab@mail.ru

Rússia

S. Gorbanev

North-West Public Health Research Center

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0275-0553
Rússia

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