Abstract
Five morphotypes of fossil burrows are described from four Eopleistocene paleosols from Sopaty Kurgan (Krasnodar krai, Russia). The architecture, ornamentation and diameter of fossil burrows was compared with a reference collection of modern burrows. The first morphotype is identified as Nannospalax sp. from its architecture, in particular, the shape of the lower junction of vertical shafts and tunnel diameter. The architecture (subhorizontal tunnels, absence of vertical ones), diameter and ornamentation of the second morphotype show affinities with the burrows of the modern water-vole, Arvicola terrestris; it possibly belongs to a large Mimomys sp. The third morphotype is identified as belonging to a large jerboa Allactaga sp. from the shape of the cross-section and diameter. The fourth morphotype is identified as a medium-large-sized arvicolid. The fifth morphotype is identified from the presence of spiral vertical tunnels as belonging to a mole-vole, Ellobius sp.