Megawatt auto-emission electronic devices

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Abstract

The possibility of creating on the basis of the inverse piezoelectric effect and the negative electronic affinity of nanodiamonds (which is the natural state of the surface 111) auto-emission devices of megawatt output power operating in the key mode is considered. A comparison of two principles of operation of auto-emission devices based on a change in the field between the cathode and the anode is given. It is shown that explosive emission limits the possibility of obtaining megawatt power by changing the voltage, and also that a more promising method is to control the field by changing the cathode–anode distance from tens of nanometers to microns. Estimates are given according to which such a device has a high efficiency and can operate at a pressure of the order of atmospheric pressure.

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About the authors

V. G. Bondarenko

Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: bonv@ipfran.ru
Russian Federation, Ulyanova str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950

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2. Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of a parametric field emission device on two piezoelectric elements 1 and 2, the dimensions of which change the distance between the cathode K and the anode A; B is the base (gate), U1 is the alternating voltage supplied to the base and changing the dimensions of the piezoelectric elements, U2 is the voltage that determines the initial dimensions of the piezoelectric elements, Usup is the power source voltage, U3 is the changing voltage on the device, I is the current flowing through the device.

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3. Fig. 2. Cathode design.

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4. Fig. 3. Design of the device in the modes: a – saturation, Rп = 10–7 Ohm, b – cutoff, Rп = 105 Ohm.

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5. Fig. 4. Surface roughness after high-quality processing (data obtained using an electron microscope at the Institute of Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences).

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6. Fig. 5. Dependence of the field strength amplification factor µ on the h/r ratio [6]: 1.4…3 for µ1, 3…100 for µ2.

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7. Fig. 6. Dependence of the emission current on the electric field strength for different distances between the electrodes of the diode structure: 60 (1), 30 (2), 15 (3), 10 (4) and 5 µm (5) [7, Fig. 6].

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8. Fig. 7. Paschen curve.

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9. Fig. 8. A single, isolated, tightly bound detonation diamond nanodot on the tip of a needle (a) and field emission characteristics (b): from a nanodiamond film (1), from a bare molybdenum tip (2), from an isolated nanodiamond particle (3), as well as a diagram of the experimental setup (c) [9, Fig. 2].

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10. Fig. 9. Dependence of the resistance R of the device on the distance x cathode–anode: a) R = R1 ×105 Ohm, b) R = R2 × 1 Ohm, c) R = R3 ×10–6 Ohm; Upower = 1000 V, field gain factor 10 (calculated using the Fowler–Nordheim formula).

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