Грибные эндофиты растений как источники биологически активных веществ

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Обзор посвящен грибам-эндофитам, мицелий которых существует в растениях бессимптомно. Они найдены и во всех других царствах эукариот. Отмечено, что культивирование грибов эндофитов может снизить нагрузку на ресурсы заготавливаемых лекарственных растений. Кратко охарактеризованы понятие «эндофиты» и их виды, история открытия, классификация, пути таксономического определения, возможность самостоятельного существования в виде плодовых тел вне растений, сообщества грибов эндофитов в одном растении, распространение в группах растений и их частях. Более подробно рассмотрены экологические аспекты взаимодействия с растениями – виды полезных эффектов для них и для грибов-эндофитов, разнообразие веществ, образуемых культурами грибов-эндофитов и их биологической активности. Показано, что в ряде случаев вещества, считающиеся активными основами лекарственных растений, образуются живущими в них грибами-эндофитами. Во многих случаях они образуют также и не выделявшиеся ранее из растений вещества с различными видами активности.

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А. В. Клемпер

Федеральный государственный Санкт-Петербургский химико-фармацевтический университет Минздрава России

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: alexei.klemper@pharminnotech.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2995-7570
Россия, Санкт-Петербург

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