Spatial organization of the spawning area of the masked greenling hexagrammos octogrammus (hexagrammidae) in the northern part of the sea of okhotsk

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Abstract

The underwater studies of the typical spawning ground of the masked greenling Hexagrammos octogrammus conducted in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk at a depth of 0.8–3.0 m revealed the confinement of the species to the biotopes of rocky underwater plateaus in the macrophyte belt during the spawning season. The average density of males was 0.17 ind./m2. The sites with the optimal conditions for spawning of greenlings are located in the central part of the macrophyte belt (1.5–1.7 m) on medium-sized boulders. Of the three size groups of males, significant differences in the conditions were noted only between large and small ones. Small males were located at shallower depths and closer to the shore line. Large males were located on the horizon with the dominance of brown algae at the lower boundary of macrophytes. The medium-sized greenlings (16-19 cm) showed preferences which were characteristic of both small and large individuals. An assessment of the abundance and distribution of males of masked greenling and a description of the environmental conditions at the spawning grounds (data on relief, sediments and macrophytes) made it possible to characterize the spatial organization of the spawning grounds of this species.

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About the authors

Yu. A. Zuyev

St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography

Author for correspondence.
Email: yzuyev@ya.ru
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

S. M. Rusyaev

Magadan Branch, Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography

Email: yzuyev@ya.ru
Russian Federation, Magadan

D. V. Gusev

Russian State Hydrometeorological University

Email: yzuyev@ya.ru
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Distribution of male brown atka mackerel Hexagrammos octogrammus in spawning areas of different types: a – crevices between boulders at shallow depths (0.8–1.0 m), b – boulders 10–40 cm in size, average depth (~ 1.5 m), c – boulders > 40 cm in size in the lower part of the macrophyte strip (1.7–2.2 m). The figures are modeled based on visual observations and video recordings.

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3. Fig. 2. Distribution of three size groups of male brown atka mackerel Hexagrammos octogrammus (●) depending on: a – the size of the protected spawning area, b – the average size of the boulders on it, c – the depth of its location. ( | ) – minimum and maximum values; each box includes three horizontal lines, which denote 25, 50 (median) and 75% of the data.

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4. Fig. 3. Result of discriminant analysis of the entire matrix of uncorrelated factors: presence of brown (B) and green (G) algae, Saccharina japonica (S. jap.), Stephanocystis crassipes (S. cr.) in the spawning area. Avg. size – average size of boulders; Sp. size, Sp. depth – size of spawning area and its depth, Cover – projective cover of the area with algae. Groups of males: I (•), II (□), III (■) – small-sized (total body length 11–15 cm), medium-sized (16–19 cm), and large (20–23 cm), respectively.

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