The prevalence of loss of consciousness in children of school age

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

Background. The epidemiology of loss of consciousness or syncope in Russian children’s population is unknown.
Aim of the study. To determine the frequency of syncope in children and adolescents. In the study of the EPISODE (EPIdemiology of Syncope in schOol chilDren and adolEscents), there were surveyed parents from 85.5% of all school children from one of the central districts of Russia (Vladimir city area, Petushki district). There were 5728 questionnaires with questions about the syncope in their children, cases of sudden death (SD) in the family were common. 1732 questionnaires were returned (30.2%), the girls and boys were 50.8% vs 49.2% respectively. There were divided in 4 groups: A) syncope — 4.2%; B) presyncope — 13.8%; B) Sudden Death (SD) before 50 years old in the family —18.2%; D) 81,9% — without symptoms and SD in the family. In group A, girls dominated as 5.7% versus 2.7%, p <0.00005. The SD in group A was more common than in the children without syncope (42.5% versus 17,1%, p <0.00005).
Conclusions: The prevalence of syncope among school children in Russia amounted to 4.2%. Syncope is found mainly in girls. The combination of syncope and SD in the family forms a group of children, in which, first of all, family diseases with the risk of SD should be excluded.

About the authors

Leonid M. Makarov

Central clinical children hospital of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia; Academy of Postgraduate Medical Education of Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia; Academy of Postgraduate Medical Education

Author for correspondence.
Email: dr.leonidmakarov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0111-3643

 
Russian Federation

Marina G. Lesnitskaya

Regional Organization for the Prevention of Sudden Arrhythmic Death in Children and Adolescents «Crystal Heart»

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7379-7511

 
Russian Federation

Vera N. Komoliatova

Central clinical children hospital of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia; Academy of Postgraduate Medical Education of Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia; Academy of Postgraduate Medical Education

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3691-7449

 
Russian Federation

Irina I. Kiseleva

Central clinical children hospital of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia; Regional Organization for the Prevention of Sudden Arrhythmic Death in Children and Adolescents «Crystal Heart»

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3285-3211

 
Russian Federation

References

  1. Driscoll D.J., Jacobsen S.J., Porter C.J., Wollan P.C. Syncope in children and adolescents. J. Am. Coll Cardiol. 1997; 29(5): 1039-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00020-x
  2. Lewis D.A., Dhala A. Syncope in the pediatric patient. The cardiologist’s perspective. Pediatr. Clin. North. Am. 1999; 46(2): 205-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70113-9
  3. Kanjwal K., Calkins H. Syncope in children and adolescents. Cardiol. Clin. 2015; 33(3): 397-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccl.2015.04.008
  4. McLeod K.A. Syncope in childhood. Arch. Dis. Child. 2003; 88(4): 350-3. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.88.4.350
  5. Development of common tools for health surveys. Moscow: Prava cheloveka; 2005. (in Russian)
  6. Kucherenko V.Z., ed. The Use of Statistical Analysis Methods for the Study of Public Health and Healthcare [Primenenie metodov statisticheskogo analiza dlya izucheniya obshchestvennogo zdorov’ya i zdravookhraneniya]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2007. (in Russian)
  7. Fletcher R.H., Fletcher S.W., Wagner E.H. Clinical Epidemiology. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1988.
  8. Sackett D.L., Richardson W.S., Rosenberg W., Haynes R.B. Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1997.
  9. Calculation of sample size. Available at: http://socioline.ru/rv.php (in Russian)
  10. Public report. «The results of the education system of the Petushinsky district for the 2018-2019 academic year and development prospects for the 2019-2020 academic year». Petushki; 2019. (in Russian)
  11. Campbell R., Berger S., Ackerman M.J., Morrow W.R., Jenkins K., Minich L.L.A., et al. Pediatric Sudden Cardiac Arrest. Pediatrics. 2012; 129(4): e1094-102. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-0144
  12. Makarov L.M., Komolyatova V.N., Kiseleva I.I., Solokhin Yu.A. Cardiac arrest and sudden death of children in schools. Pediatriya. Zhurnal im. G.N. Speranskogo. 2006; (2): 4-10. (in Russian)
  13. Healthcare in Russia – 2017: Statistical collection. Moscow; 2017. (in Russian)
  14. Brignole M., Moya A., de Lange F.J., Deharo J.C., Elliott P.M., Fanciulli A., et al. 2018 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope. ESC Scientific Document Group. Eur. Heart J. 2018; 139(21):1883-948. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy037
  15. Massin M., Bourguignont A., Coremans C., Comté L., Lepage P., Gérard P. Syncope in pediatric patients presenting to an emergency department. J. Pediatr. 2004; 145(2): 223-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.01.048
  16. Chen L., Wang C., Wang H., Tian H., Tang C., Jin H., et al. Underlying diseases in syncope of children in China. Med. Sci. Monit. 2011; 17(6): PH49-5. https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.881795
  17. Colman N., Nahm K., Ganzeboom K.S., Shen W.K., Reitsma J., Linzer M, et al. Epidemiology of reflex syncope. Clin. Auton. Res. 2004; 14(Suppl. 1): 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-004-1003-3
  18. Ganzeboom K.S., Colman N., Reitsma J.B., Shen W.K., Wieling W. Prevalence and triggers of syncope in medical students. Am. J. Cardiol. 2003; 91(8): 1006-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149(03)00127-9
  19. Wieling W., Ganzeboom K.S., Crediet C.T.P., Grundmeijer H.G.L.M., Wilde A.A.M., Dijk J.G. Initial diagnostic strategy in the case of transient losses of сconsciousness: the importance of the medical history. Ned. Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2003; 147(18): 849-85. (in Dutch)
  20. Gudkova S.A., Cherepanova N.A., Golovina G.A., Duplyakov D.V., Khokhlunov S.M., Rotar’ O.M., et al. Prevalence and causes of transitory loss of consciousness in general population (by the data from ESSE-RF trial). Rossiyskiy kardiologicheskiy zhurnal. 2014; (8): 43-8. (in Russian)
  21. Meyer L., Stubbs B., Fahrenbruch C., Maeda C., Harmon K., Eisenberg M., et al. Incidence, causes, and survival trends from cardiovascular-related sudden cardiac arrest in children and young adults 0 to 35 years of age. a 30-year review. Circulation. 2012; 126(11): 1363-72. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.076810
  22. Schwartz P., Moss A., Vincent G., Crampton R. diagnostic criteria for long QTc Syndrome. An update. Circulation. 1993; 88(2): 782-4.
  23. Priori S.G., Blomström-Lundqvist C., Mazzanti A., Blom N., Borggrefe M., Camm J., et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: the task force for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur. Heart J. 2015; 36(41): 2793-867. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv316
  24. All-Russian clinical guidelines for controlling the risk of sudden cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death, prevention and first aid. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2018. (in Russian)
  25. Makarov L.M., Komolyatova V.N., Kiseleva I.I., Besportochnyy D.A., Dmitrieva A.V., Akopyan A.G., et al. Long QT Interval Syndrome is a Disease with a High Risk of Sudden Death [Sindrom udlinennogo intervala QT — zabolevanie s vysokim riskom vnezapnoy smerti]. Moscow: MEDPRAKTIKA-M; 2018. (in Russian)
  26. Makarov L.M., Kiseleva I.I., Dolgikh V.V., Bimbaev A.B.-Zh., Bairova T.A., Drozdova A.I. Normative ECG parameters in children. Zhurnal im. G.N. Speranskogo. 2006; (2): 4-10. (in Russian)
  27. Angelini P., Cheong B.Y., Lenge De Rosen V.V., Lopez J.A., Uribe C., Masso A.H., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging-based screening study in a general population of adolescents. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2018; 71(5): 579-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.051

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2020 Makarov L.M., Lesnitskaya M.G., Komoliatova V.N., Kiseleva I.I.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ:  ПИ № ФС77-50668 от 13.07.2012 г.