Microextraction-chromatographic determination of furan derivatives in transformer oil

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Abstract

An express and environmentally safe method has been developed for microextraction of furan derivatives from transformer oil for their determination by high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric detection in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. Various hydrophilic eutectic solvents have been studied as extractants for the implementation of dispersion liquid-liquid microextraction with vortex dispersion. It was found that the highest values of the degree of extraction (from 85 to 96 %) are provided by a three-component eutectic solvent based on choline chloride, acetic acid and water. The rapid spontaneous phase separation made it possible to eliminate the centrifugation stage. Detection limits (3σ) from 1 to 5 micrograms/l have been reached.

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About the authors

P. A. Godunov

Saint Petersburg State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: paulgodunov@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, 198504

A. Yu. Shishov

Saint Petersburg State University

Email: paulgodunov@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, 198504

A. V. Bulatov

Saint Petersburg State University

Email: paulgodunov@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, 198504

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Supplementary files

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2. Scheme 1. Structural formulas of furan derivatives formed during degradation of paper insulation.

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3. Fig. 1. Effect of the nature of carboxylic acid - hydrogen bond donor of ER on the extraction efficiency of furan derivatives from transformer oil (n = 3, volume of ER and transformer oil - 500 μl, concentration of analytes - 500 μg/l, water content in ER - 10%, mixing time - 10 min). The values of lipophilicity coefficients (lgKow) are given in brackets.

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4. Fig. 2. (a): Effect of molar ratio of ER precursors on the degree of extraction of furan derivatives; (b): effect of water content of ER composition on the degree of extraction of furan derivatives (n = 3, volume of ER and transformer oil - 500 μl, concentration of analytes - 500 μg/l, mixing time - 10 min).

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5. Fig. 3. Effect of phase volume ratio on concentration ratios of furan derivatives (n = 3, ER volume - 100 μl, analyte concentration - 500 μg/l, ER composition - choline chloride and acetic acid (1 : 1, mol/mol) with water content - 20%, mixing time - 10 min).

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6. Fig. 4. Schematic of microextraction-chromatographic determination of furan derivatives in transformer oil.

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