Adsorption of molybdenum(VI) and rhenium(VII) on mechanically activated graphite

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Abstract

Sorption properties of mechanically activated graphite towards molybdenum and rhenium are studied for the first time. The optimal conditions are found such that the metals can be separated, and adsorption of molybdenum up to 95 % with adsorption of rhenium 3 % is achieved: nitric acid solution, pH 3 in the presence of 50 vol.% ethanol, stirring for 60 min. The maximum sorption capacity of the sorbent towards Mo(VI) according to the Langmuir model is 115 mg/g. The adsorption followed a pseudo-second order kinetics model. The sample after molybdenum adsorption is characterized by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray-structural analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical activation resulted in a decrease in the average size of graphite crystallites, an increase in the distance between layers, and a change in the surface state of carbon.

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About the authors

A. D. Korobitsyna

Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: annakorobitsyna@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7830-2274
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620016

N. V. Pechishcheva

Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: annakorobitsyna@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7281-1342
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620016

E. Yu. Konysheva

Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: annakorobitsyna@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3043-7978
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620016

K. Yu. Shunyaev

Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: annakorobitsyna@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1530-5988
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620016

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. The degree of adsorption of Mo(VI) and Re(VII) on GrMA at different pH in nitric acid (a), sulfuric acid (b) media and in acetate buffer medium (c).

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3. Fig. 2. Effect of the sample weight of GrMA on the adsorption of rhenium and molybdenum. Nitric acid medium with the addition of 50 vol. % isopropyl alcohol, pH 3, CRe = CMo = 10 mg/l, V = 15 ml.

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4. Fig. 3. Kinetics of Mo(VI) adsorption on GrMA from 10 mg/l solution, m adsorbent = 0.1 g, nitric acid medium with the addition of 50 vol. % isopropyl alcohol, pH 3.

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5. Fig. 4. Adsorption isotherms of molybdenum in a nitric acid medium in the presence of: a) 50 vol. % ethyl, b) 50 vol. % isopropyl alcohol; C0 = 5-2000 mg/l, 0.1 g, 15 ml, 60 min, pH 3.

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6. Fig. 5. X-ray diffraction patterns of the initial graphite (Gr), after mechanical activation (GrMA) and after molybdenum adsorption (GrMA/Mo). Asterisks indicate the peaks of silicon used as an internal standard. The contributions of phases 1 and 2 (Table 4) are shown in the X-ray diffraction patterns.

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7. Fig. 6. C1s XPS spectra of the initial graphite Gr, after mechanical activation of GrMA and after adsorption of molybdenum GrMA/Mo; E is the binding energy.

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8. Fig. 7. O1s XPS spectra of the initial graphite Gr, after mechanical activation of GrMA and after adsorption of molybdenum GrMA/Mo.

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9. Fig. 8. Micrograph of the GrMA/Mo surface (a) with mapping of carbon (b), molybdenum (c) and oxygen (d).

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