Application of laser scanning thermography and regression analysis to determine characteristics of defects in polymer composite materials

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Abstract

The method of laser point scanning thermography is highly sensitive and allows for reliable detection of surface and subsurface defects in products made of polymer composite materials. When implementing this method, the use of robotic manipulators as a scanning device makes it possible to inspect small objects with a curved surface or to further examine questionable areas identified by other methods. The article provides information about the layout of a robotic complex for laser scanning thermography based on a five-axis robotic manipulator, laser power up to 3 W and wavelength 405 nm, as well as a COX CG640 thermal imager. A technique for processing experimental data has been proposed and regression models have been developed to make it possible to measure the size of defects along the trajectory and determine their location. To test the protocol, a control sample was made from fiberglass laminate, including artificial defects of the “delamination” type, in the form of squares of various sizes. The coefficient of determination R2 of regression models turned out to be no worse than 0.94, the root mean square error of the defect model and the transverse size were no worse than ±0.2 and ±1.5 mm2, respectively.

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About the authors

A. G. Divin

Derzhavin Tambov State University; Tambov State Technical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: divin.ag@tstu.ru
Russian Federation, 392036, Tambov, Internatsionalnaya st., 33; 392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya str., 106/5

S. V. Ponomarev

Tambov State Technical University

Email: divin.ag@tstu.ru
Russian Federation, 392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya str., 106/5

S. V. Mishchenko

Tambov State Technical University

Email: divin.ag@tstu.ru
Russian Federation, 392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya str., 106/5

Yu. A. Zakharov

Derzhavin Tambov State University; Tambov State Technical University

Email: divin.ag@tstu.ru
Russian Federation, 392036, Tambov, Internatsionalnaya st., 33; 392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya str., 106/5

N. A. Karpova

Tambov State Technical University

Email: divin.ag@tstu.ru
Russian Federation, 392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya str., 106/5

A. A. Samodurov

Derzhavin Tambov State University

Email: divin.ag@tstu.ru
Russian Federation, 392036, Tambov, Internatsionalnaya st., 33

D. Yu. Golovin

Derzhavin Tambov State University

Email: nano@tsutmb.ru
Russian Federation, 392036, Tambov, Internatsionalnaya st., 33

A. I. Tyurin

Derzhavin Tambov State University

Email: divin.ag@tstu.ru
Russian Federation, 392036, Tambov, Internatsionalnaya st., 33

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Sketch of the test sample.

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3. Fig. 2. Diagram of the laboratory installation: 1 — manipulator; 2 — laser; 3 — controller unit with PWM output; 4 — power supply; 5 — computer; 6 — manipulator controller; 7 — thermal imager; 8 — object of control.

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4. Fig. 3. Thermograms for defects C3 and C4.

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5. Fig. 4. Thermograms obtained with a time interval of 2 seconds for sections of the sample containing defects B4, B5 (a) and A4, A5 (b).

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6. Fig. 5. Thermograms Td(x1, τ – Δτ), Tr(x2, τ) and temperature contrast ΔTmax(τ).

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7. Fig. 6. Thermogram in the defect zone C 4.

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8. Fig. 7. Graph of the dependence of the derivative of the temperature field on the x coordinate for the defect C4.

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9. Fig. 8. Scattering diagram for the regression model of the defect width.

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10. Fig. 9. The scattering diagram for the regression model of the depth of the defect.

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