The Ability of Gastropods of Lake Baikal to the Feeding and Excretion of Microplastic Particles with Different Morphological Structures

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Abstract

Studies of the pollution of Lake Baikal with microplastic particles have been started quite recently. Almost all research is focused on the assessment of surface water pollution, while the impact of microplastics on Baikal organisms remains unexplored. We conducted a laboratory experiment involving three species of gastropod mollusks, the Palearctic Lymnaea stagnalis (L., 1758) and Radix auricularia (L., 1758), as well as the Baikal endemic Benedictia baicalensis (Gerstfeldt, 1859). Two types of microplastics were used in the experiment: fragments of polystyrene and polyester fibers, prepared independently in the laboratory. These plastic particles, along with the food mixture, were placed in aquariums with mollusks. In total, as a result of the experiment, 386 preparations with mollusk excrement were obtained, of which 144 preparations were for the Radix auricularia species, 176 for the Lymnaea stagnalis species, and 67 for the Benedictia baicalensis species, the experiment with the latter species was carried out only with microplastic fragments. All preparations were analyzed according to the degree of fluorescence. The data were statistically processed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The data obtained allowed us to conclude that gastropods of these species are able to absorb microplastic particles and remove them from the body. However, the rate of removal of microplastic particles from the body of a mollusk is species-specific, and also directly depends on the morphological structure of microplastic particles.

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About the authors

S. A. Biritskaya

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

E. M. Dolinskaya

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

M. A. Maslennikova

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

L. B. Bukhaeva

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

V. A. Pushnitsa

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

Ya. K. Ermolaeva

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

A. V. Lavnikova

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

D. I. Golubets

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

S. A. Nazarova

Zoological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

D. Yu. Karnaukhov

Irkutsk State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

E. A. Silow

Irkutsk State University

Email: karnaukhovdmitrii@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

References

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2. Fig. 1. Correlation analysis of experimental data on the removal of fragments (a) and fibers (b) microplastics (Rs is the correlation coefficient) and the degree of fluorescence of the obtained preparations (c): 3 – strong, 2 – medium, 1 – weak, 0 – absent).

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