Characterization and Phylogenetic Significance of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Clupeonella cultriventris (Actinopterygii: Clupeiformes), a Nonindigenous Fish Species of the Rybinsk Reservoir (Volga River)

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Abstract

The Black and Caspian Sea Sprat, or Tyulka (Kilka or Sardelka) Clupeonella cultriventris (Nordmann, 1840) (Actinopterygii: Clupeiformes) is a small pelagic species, the most abundant nonindigenous fish species of the Volga-Kama basin playing an important role as one of the key elements of food webs in freshwater ecosystems. In this paper, we characterize the complete mitochondrial genome of Tulka from an unambiguously adventive population of the Upper Volga (58.38861 N, 38.32694 E). Voucher identification was performed both by morphological characters and a DNA sequence blast against the GenBank international database. For sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome, a classical Sanger sequencing was applied with the PCR product from a set of 48 primer pairs giving a complete overlapping and unambiguous reading of each nucleotide in at least two replications. Annotated full mitogenome of C. cultriventris with length of 16650 bp has a gene arrangement characteristic of (and conservative) Clupeiformes contains 22 transport RNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, and a single noncoding region. This mitochondrial genome demonstrates a 98.7% similarity to the previously studied one from the Black Sea. Based on these data, there are no sufficient reasons to separate the freshwater Sprat of the Volga-Kama region into a separate taxon.

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About the authors

D. P. Karabanov

Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: dk@ibiw.ru
Russian Federation, Borok, Nekouzsky raion, Yaroslavl oblast

Y. V. Kodukhova

Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: dk@ibiw.ru
Russian Federation, Borok, Nekouzsky raion, Yaroslavl oblast

A. A. Kotov

A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: dk@ibiw.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Circular map of the mitochondrial genome of Clupeonella cultriventris (Volga River, Rybinsk Reservoir). The outer circle indicates the location and distribution of genes in the mitogenome. Genes encoded by the H (+) strand and L (–) strand of DNA are shown in the outer and inner rings, respectively. Legend: 1 – protein-coding genes; 2 – transfer RNA; 3 – ribosomal RNA; 4 – control region; 5 – content of G and C nucleotides in the DNA molecule (GC-content; range of values ​​0.341–0.543); 6 – uneven distribution of G + C nucleotides in the DNA molecule (GC-skew; range of values ​​(–0.34 –0.02).

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