Ceramics from the Khor Daoud Archaeological Complex (Egypt) in the Collection of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts: New Data

Capa

Citar

Texto integral

Acesso aberto Acesso aberto
Acesso é fechado Acesso está concedido
Acesso é fechado Acesso é pago ou somente para assinantes

Resumo

The article publishes and analyzes six pottery vessels found by the Nubian Expedition of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1962 at the site of Khor-Daud (Southern Egypt) and subsequently transferred under the agreement with the Egyptian government to the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow. Four jars are Egyptian in shape and are typical for the Naqada culture; the other two can be characterized as Nubian; the dating of this group of pottery fits into the interval of Naqada IIB–IIIA (3600–3200 BC). Taking into account the nature of finds in Khor-Daud, which is located within the area of the Nubian A-Groups Culture, the site should be interpreted as a trading post where goods from Egypt, the region of the middle reaches of the Nile and the Nubian Desert were exchanged.

Sobre autores

Svetlana Malykh

Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alexey Krol

Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Paleoethnology Research Center, Moscow, Russia.

Russian Federation, Moscow

Yury Kostyukevich

Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology

Russian Federation, Moscow

Bibliografia

  1. Adams, W.Y. 1977: Nubia, Corridor to Africa. Princeton.
  2. Arnold, D. 1978: Meisterwerke altägyptischer Keramik. 5000 Jahre Kunst und Kunsthandwerk aus Ton und Fayence. Katalog. Höhr-Grenzhausen.
  3. Arnold, D., Bourriau, J. 1993: An Introduction to Ancient Egyptian Pottery. Mainz am Rhein.
  4. Bourriau, J., Nicholson, P.T., Rose, P. 2000: The Pottery. In: P.T. Nicholson, I. Shaw (eds.), Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology. Cambridge, 121–147.
  5. Dee, M.W., Wengrow, D., Shortland, A.J., Stevenson, A., Brock, F., Ramsey, C.B. 2014: Radiocarbon Dating and the Naqada Relative Chronology. Journal of Archaeological Science 46, 319–323.
  6. Dreyer, G., Pumpenmeier, F., Hartung, U. 1993: Umm el-Qaab: Nachuntersuchungen im frühzeitlichen Königsfriedhof. 5./6. Vorbericht. Mitteilungen des Deutschen archäologischen Institut, Abteilung Kairo 49, 23–62.
  7. Firth, C.M. 1915: The Archaeological Survey of Nubia: Report for 1909–1910. Cairo.
  8. Firth, C.M. 1927: The Archaeological Survey of Nubia: Report for 1910–1911. Cairo.
  9. Gatto, M.C. 2001–2002: Two Predynastic Pottery Caches at Bir Sahara (Egyptian Western Desert). Sahara 13, 51–60.
  10. Gatto, M.C. 2006a: The Early A-Group in Upper Lower Nubia, Upper Egypt and the Surrounding Deserts. In: K. Kroeper, M. Chłodnicki, M. Kobusiewicz (eds.), Archaeology of the Early Northeastern Africa. (Studies in African Archaeology 9). Poznań, 223–234.
  11. Gatto, M.C. 2006b: The Nubian A-Group: A Reassessment. Archéo-Nil 16, 61–76.
  12. Gatto, M.C. 2013: Beyond the Shale: Pottery and Cultures in the Prehistory of the Egyptian Western Desert. In: R.S. Bagnall, P. Davoli, C.A. Hope (eds.), The Oasis Papers 6. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project (Dakhleh Oasis Project: Monograph 15). Oxford, 61–72.
  13. Gatto, M.C. 2020: The A-Group and 4th Millennium BCE Nubia. In: G. Emberling, B.B. Williams (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Nubia. Oxford, 125–142.
  14. Hendrickx, S. 2006: Predynastic – Early Dynastic Chronology. In: E. Hornung, R. Krauss, D.A. Warburton (eds.), Ancient Egyptian Chronology. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Vol. 83. Leiden, 55–93, 487–488.
  15. Hendrickx, S. 2011: Sequence Dating and Predynastic Chronology. In: E. Teeter (ed.), Before the Pyramids. The Origins of Egyptian Civilization. Chicago, 15–16.
  16. Hodjash, S. 2005: Ancient Egyptian Vessels in the State Pushkin Museum of Fine Art, Moscow. Baltimore.
  17. Jiménez-Serrano, A. 2003: Two Proto-Kingdoms in Lower Nubia in the Fourth Millennium BC. In: L. Krzyzaniak, K. Kroeper, M. Kobusiewicz (eds.), Cultural Markers in the Later Prehistory of Northeastern Africa and Recent Research, (Studies in African Archaeology 8). Poznań, 251–267.
  18. Kaiser, W. 1957: Zur inneren Chronologie der Naqadakultur. Archaeologia Geographica 6, 69–77.
  19. Kink, H.A. 1976: Khudozhestvennoe remeslo drevneyshego Egipta i sopredel’nykh stran [Artistic Craft of Ancient Egypt and Neighboring Countries]. Moscow.
  20. Кинк, Х.А. Художественное ремесло древнейшего Египта и сопредельных стран. М.
  21. Krol, A.A. (ed.) 2021: Puteshestvie v stranu Kush. Sovetskie arkheologi na beregakh Nila. Katalog vystavki. Gosudarstvennyy muzey Vostoka, 16 fevralya – 28 marta 2021 g. [Journey to the Land of Kush. Soviet Archaeologists on the Banks of the Nile. Exhibition Catalogue. State Museum of the Orient, February 16 – March 28, 2021]. Moscow.
  22. Крол А.А. (авт.-сост.). Путешествие в страну Куш. Советские археологи на берегах Нила. Каталог выставки. Государственный музей Востока, 16 февраля – 28 марта 2021 г. М.
  23. Lacovara, P. 2012: The Art and Architecture of Early Nubia: The A-Group to the Kerma Culture. In: M.M. Fisher, P. Lacovara, S. Ikram, S. D’Auria (eds.), Ancient Nubia. African Kingdoms on the Nile. Cairo–New York, 78–83.
  24. Malykh, S.E. 2018: [Potmarks on Egyptian Old Kingdom Ceramics from Eastern Giza]. Epigrahika Vostoka 33, 106–121.
  25. Малых С.Е. Гончарные метки на египетской керамике эпохи Древнего царства из восточной Гизы. Эпиграфика Востока 33, 106–121.
  26. Merpert, N.Ya., Bolshakov, O.G. 1964: [Early Dynastic Settlement Khor-Daud] In: B.B. Piotrovsky (ed.), Drevnyaya Nubiya. Rezul’taty rabot arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii AN SSSR v Ob”edinennoy Arabskoy Respublike. 1961–1962 [Ancient Nubia. Results of the Work of the Archaeological Expedition of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the United Arab Republic. 1961–1962]. Moscow–Leningrad, 83–177.
  27. Мерперт Н.Я., Большаков О.Г. Раннединастическое поселение Хор-Дауд. В сб.: Б.Б. Пиотровский (ред.), Древняя Нубия. Результаты работ археологической экспедиции АН СССР в Объединенной Арабской Республике. 1961–1962. М.–Л., 83–177.
  28. Nordström, H.-Å. 2014: The West Bank Survey from Faras to Gemai. Vol. 1. Sites of Early Nubian, Middle Nubian and Pharaonic Age. (Sudan Archaeological Research Society Publication, 21; BAR International Series, 2650). Oxford.
  29. Nordström, H-Å., Håland, R., Björkman, G., Säve-Söderbergh, T. 1972: Neolithic and A-group Sites. The Scandinavian Joint Expedition to Sudanese Nubia. Vol. 3/1. Text. Stockholm.
  30. Petrie, W.M.F. 1901: Diospolis Parva. The Cemeteries of Abadiyeh and Hu. 1898–9. London.
  31. Petrie, W.M.F. 1921: Corpus of Prehistoric Pottery and Palettes. London.
  32. Piotrovsky, B.B. 1964: [Pages of Ancient History of Northern Nubia]. In: B.B. Piotrovsky (ed.), Drevnyaya Nubiya. Rezul’taty rabot arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii AN SSSR v Ob”edinennoy Arabskoy Respublike. 1961–1962 [Ancient Nubia. Results of the Work of the Archaeological Expedition of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the United Arab Republic. 1961–1962]. Moscow–Leningrad, 5–31.
  33. Пиотровский Б.Б. Страницы древней истории Северной Нубии. В сб.: Б.Б. Пиотровский (ред.), Древняя Нубия. Результаты работ археологической экспедиции АН СССР в Объединенной Арабской Республике. 1961–1962. М.–Л., 5–31.
  34. Piotrovski, B.B. 1967: The Early Dynasty Settlement of Khor-Daoud and Wadi-Allaki. The Ancient Route of the Gold Mines. In: Campagne Internationale de l’Unesco pour la Sauvegarde des Monuments de la Nubie. Fouilles en Nubie (1961–1963). Le Caire, 127–140.
  35. Randall-MacIver, D., Mace, A.C. 1902: El Amrah and Abydos. 1899–1901. London.
  36. Reisner, G.A. 1910: The Archaeological Survey of Nubia. Report for 1907–1908. Cairo.
  37. Roy, J. 2011: The Politics of Trade: Egypt and Lower Nubia in the 4th Millennium B.C. (Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, 47). Leiden–Boston.
  38. Sadr, K., Castiglioni, A., Castiglioni, A. 1998: Nubian Desert Archaeology: А Preliminary View. Archeologie du Nil Moyen 7, 203–235.
  39. Steindorff, G. 1935: Aniba. Vol. I. Gluickstadt–Hamburg–New York.
  40. Steindorff, G. 1937: Aniba. Vol. II. Gluickstadt–Hamburg–New York.
  41. Takamiya, I.H. 2004: Egyptian Pottery Distribution in A-Group Cemeteries, Lower Nubia: Towards an Understanding of Exchange Systems between the Naqada Culture and the A-Group Culture. Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 90, 35–62.
  42. Trigger, B.G. 1965: History and Settlement in Lower Nubia. (Yale University Publications in Anthropology, no. 69). New Haven.
  43. Williams, B.B. 1987: Excavations between Abu Simbel and the Sudanese Frontier. The A-Group Royal Cemetery at Qustul: Cemetery L. (Oriental Institute Nubian Expedition, 3). Chicago.
  44. Williams, B.B. 1989: Excavations between Abu Simbel and the Sudan Frontier. Pt. 2–4: Neolithic, A-Group, and Post A-Group Remains from Cemeteries W, V, S, Q, T, and a Cave East of Cemetery K. (Oriental Institute Nubian Expedition, 4). Chicago.
  45. Williams, B.B. 2011: Relations between Egypt and Nubia in the Naqada Period. In: E. Teeter (ed.), Before the Pyramids. The Origins of Egyptian Civilization. Chicago, 83–92.
  46. Wodzińska, A. 2009a: A Manual of Egyptian Pottery. Vol. 1: Fayum A – Lower Egyptian Culture. Boston.
  47. Wodzińska, A. 2009b: A Manual of Egyptian Pottery. Vol. 2: Naqada III – Middle Kingdom. Boston.

Arquivos suplementares

Arquivos suplementares
Ação
1. JATS XML
Baixar

Declaração de direitos autorais © Russian Academy of Sciences, 2023