Abstract
The article examines the conceptual «partners» of the word toska ‘sorrow’, accompanied by which this word most often appears in Russian charms. Toska's «partners» are selected in charms not only to the noun toska, but also to the corresponding verbs, participles and adjectives. Such a synonymous series can reach to five-six different words. In terms of meaning, toska's «partners» comprise several semantic branches, identified on the basis of contextual analysis and dialect meanings. The first branch is represented by the meaning of ‘withering love feeling’ and the lexemes sukhota, chakhota, vianota, as well as verbs related to them (sushit’, prisushivat’, chakhnut’, vianut’, etc.). The second branch is united by the meaning of ‘grief, sadness’. It includes several lexemes: first of all, kruchina (kruchinit’sia) and gore (gorevat’), as well as pechal’ (pechalit’sia), grust’ (grustit’), tuzhit’. The third semantic branch of toska's «partners» has the meaning of 'care, anxiety'. It is realized by the words zabota and duma. And finally, the last branch consists of the words united by the meanings of ‘regret’, ‘love’ – liubov’, zhalost’ and the corresponding verbs.
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