Humanitarian demining of the territories of the Russian Federation affected by the armed conflict: problem statement

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Abstract

Firstly, the article identifies the threats posed by the contamination of the territories and waters of 17 subjects of the Russian Federation with mines and unexploded ordnance; it is determined that mine action provides for the achievement of the new (18th) Sustainable Development Goal; it is noted that there are two types of mine clearance (military and humanitarian) and their definitions are formulated.; the international legal foundations of humanitarian demining are noted; the range of Russia’s international legal obligations under three international treaties and additional protocols to them is outlined; it is established that international cooperation in the field of mine action is carried out at the universal, regional and bilateral levels; mechanisms for using the potential of the United Nations and the CIS in humanitarian demining are identified; secondly, foreign practices in the field of legal regulation of mine action have been reviewed; it has been established that in “prosperous” states, mine action legislation is directed externally and primarily regulates support for humanitarian demining abroad as a service provision; in States whose territories have been contaminated with mines, special legislation on mine action is being adopted, control and coordination bodies are being established., and state mine clearance programs are implemented in cooperation with UNDP and UNMAS; thirdly, the concept of legal regulation of mine action in the Russian Federation is presented; the concept of the federal law “On mine action” is proposed, the scope of legal regulation of mine action is defined and its definition, goals and principles are formulated; the powers of the national mine action authority (the Russian National Mine Action Center), the commission on accreditation of mine action operators are defined. activities, the mine action operations center and the mine action control inspectorate; the necessity of adopting a state mine action program is substantiated (the Humanitarian Mine Clearance for Development program); the concept of entrepreneurial activity in the implementation of mine action measures and the specifics of outsourcing as the transfer of part of the state functions of humanitarian demining to private companies within the framework of public-private partnership is proposed.

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About the authors

Vyacheslav A. Batyr

Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: batyr_62@mail.ru

PhD in Law, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Military Sciences, Leading Researcher

Russian Federation, 10, Znamenka St., Moscow, 119019

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