Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Dengue: A Case Report

Abstract

Background::Dengue is a major health burden worldwide, notably in tropical and subtropical countries, with symptoms ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe hemorrhagic or shock syndrome. The clinical and biochemical profile of dengue has been shown in the literature to be expanding as more atypical signs have been added over the past few decades. Most dengue-related symptoms are typically mild to moderate and self-limited. However, intracranial hemorrhage and acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe dengue is an event that has been encountered uncommonly.

Case presentation::A 30-year-old female presented with complaints of fever, headache, cough, and altered sensorium. Later, she was diagnosed with severe dengue fever complicated by dengue hemorrhagic fever, which manifested as subarachnoid and subdural bleeding and acute respiratory distress syndrome. She was managed conservatively with a positive outcome.

Conclusion::Atypical manifestation, though rare, should be kept in mind while dealing with severe dengue patients, as early detection based on anticipated risk factors and timely treatment have the potential to save lives.