Structure of iris neoplasms in children and adolescents

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AIM: To describe clinical cases of iris neoplasms in children and adolescents.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was based on retrospective and prospective analyses of children and adolescents with iris neoplasia from January 2018 to April 2022. During this period, 44 children with suspected iris neoplasia, including 20 boys and 24 girls, applied to the outpatient department; their ages ranged from 6 months to 17 years (9.1±5 years). The diagnosis was based on a comprehensive examination of patients including clinical and instrumental methods. Biomicroscopy, ultrasound investigation including ultrasound biomicroscopy, and when necessary, optical coherence tomography of the anterior eye region were performed. When it was impossible to establish the diagnosis due to the child’s age, the examination was performed under general anesthesia in the ocular oncology and radiology department.

RESULTS: Of the 44 iris lesions, nevus was found in 32 (72.7%) patients, iris melanosis in 3 (6.8%), cysts in 5 (11.3%), heterochromia in 1 (2.3%), floccula in 1 (2.3%), hamartroma in 1 (2,3%), and melanocytoma in1 (2,3%). The majority of the patients with these lesions are observed in the outpatient department. From January 2018 to April 2022, six children with iris lesions were examined in the department of ophthalmo-oncology and radiology under general anesthesia; accordingly, two children received dynamic observation, two underwent iridectomy, and two others underwent YAG-laser cystotomy and cystodestruction. Two iridectomies were also performed among adolescents. Histological diagnosis was verified in four patients after iridectomy: iris stromal cyst, iris pigment epithelium cyst, melanocytoma, and iris spindle cell nevi were detected.

CONCLUSION: According to the observation data, iris nevi were most common (72.7%), followed by cysts (11.3%) and melanosis (6.8%) of the iris. Heterochromia, floccules, and hamartomas, and melanocytoma of the iris had equal frequency (2.3%).

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作者简介

Svetlana Saakyan

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; Moscow State Medical and Dental University named after A.I. Evdokimov

Email: svsaakyan@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8591-428X
SPIN 代码: 4783-9193

Corresponding member of RAS, MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow

Irina Svirina

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: dr.svirinairina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7830-1880

MD

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Alexander Tsygankov

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; Moscow State Medical and Dental University named after A.I. Evdokimov

Email: alextsygankov1986@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9475-3545
SPIN 代码: 6476-4740

MD, PhD

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow

Elena Myakoshina

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; Moscow State Medical and Dental University named after A.I. Evdokimov

Email: Myakoshina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2087-7155

MD, PhD

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow

Tatyana Kiseleva

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: dr.svirinairina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9185-6407

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Kseniya Lugovkina

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: ksushalyg@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3531-3846

MD, PhD

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

参考

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2. Fig. 1. Frequency of iris lesions in children and adolescents.

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3. Fig. 2. Pupillary iris pigment epithelial cyst.

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4. Fig. 3. Optical coherence tomogram of the left iris, showing the cyst with hyperreflective capsule and hyporeflective contents.

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5. Fig. 4. Non-pigmented lesion of the bulbar conjunctiva with the transition to the cornea.

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6. Fig. 5. Optical coherence tomogram of the right iris, showing the hyperreflective corneal focus, hyperreflective anterior synechiae between the corneal endothelium and hyperreflective cyst surface.

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7. Fig. 6. Congenital iris cyst.

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8. Fig. 7. Melanocytoma of the iris.

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9. Fig. 8. Optical coherence tomogram of the right iris, showing the hyperreflective lesion surface.

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10. Fig. 9. Iris stromal cyst.

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11. Fig. 10. Iris stromal cyst. Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the right iris.

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12. Fig. 11. Optical coherence tomogram of the right iris, showing the hyperreflective surface of the iris cyst capsule.

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13. Fig. 12. Pigmented neoplasm of the iris.

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14. Fig. 13. Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the left iris.

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15. Fig. 14. Optical coherence tomogram of the left iris, showing the hyperreflective lesion surface.

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