Age and Volcanic History of the Dariganga Volcanic Field (SE Mongolia)

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Abstract

The results of systematic K–Ar geochronological studies are presented for the rocks of the Late Cenozoic basaltic Dariganga Volcanic Field (DVF). Four stages of its volcanic history have been identified: Middle-Late Miocene (>10 Ma), Late Miocene-Early Pliocene (7.8–3.5 Ma), Late Pliocene (2.8–2.6 Ma) and Pleistocene (<1.7 Ma). The volcanic products of each stage were suitably distributed over the area of the volcanic field. The main volume of volcanics was erupted during the Late Miocene–Early Pliocene and the Pleistocene. During the Late Miocene–Early Pliocene, the northwestern part of the lava field was formed, which has a lava plateau morphology. Eruption centres were located within structural depressions that developed during extension and accompanied volcanism. The south-eastern part of the DVF was formed during the Pleistocene. Volcanism occurred simultaneously with the uplift of the Khukhot-Ein-Nuruu ridge within the Nukut-Daban highland, which influenced the morphology of the volcanic cover. This volcanic stage is characterised by large multi-centre shield volcanoes localised in the axial zone of the ridge, and extensive valley lava flows spreading down both slopes of the ridge. The volcanic history of the DVF and other volcanic areas of the Late Cenozoic intraplate volcanic province of Central and East Asia are compared. They developed in concert with each other, so the formation of the DVF being initiated by the same geodynamic mechanisms as the other volcanic areas of the province, namely the activity of a small mantle plume.

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About the authors

V. V. Yarmolyuk

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: amk@igem.ru

Academician of the RAS

Russian Federation, Moscow

A. M. Kozlovsky

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: amk@igem.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

V. M. Savatenkov

Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: amk@igem.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

E. A. Kudryashova

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: amk@igem.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Scheme of the structure of the Dariganga volcanic field on the radar topographic survey map (SRTM). 1-4 - volcanic complexes: 1 - Pleistocene, 2 - Late Pliocene, 3 - Late Miocene-Early Pliocene, 4 - Middle-Late Miocene; 5 - geochronological sampling sites and dating results; 6 - strike lines of volcanic ridges (volcanic channels). The inset shows Late Cenozoic volcanic fields of Central and East Asia: 7 - volcanic fields: Dar - Dariganga, Ab - Abaga, Dn - Dalinuoer; 8 - faults according to [17]: Dz - Dzunbaisky, Er - Erenhot, Lin - Linxi; 9 - deep fault zone controlling the system of volcanic fields Dariganga-Abaga-Dalinuoer

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3. Fig. 2. Histograms of the distribution of the determined ages of rocks of the Dariganga, Abaga and Dalinuoer volcanic fields. Data for the Dariganga volcanic field - Table 1 (colour corresponds to the colour in the scheme of Fig. 1), for the Abaga and Dalinuoer volcanic fields [12]

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4. Fig. 3. Distribution spectra of normalised concentrations of rare elements in volcanic rocks of the most distant regions of the Late Cenozoic intraplate volcanic province of Central and East Asia - the Dariganga volcanic field (average compositions of different-age groups according to our unpublished data) and the Udokan volcanic field (composition field according to [8]). Mean compositions of oceanic island basalt (OIB) and normalisation to the composition of primitive mania by [13]

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