Retrospective analysis of adult mortality from malignant neoplasms of the digestive system in the districts of the Chelyabinsk region affected by radiation accidents in 1940–1960

封面

如何引用文章

全文:

详细

Introduction. Due to the long-term radioactive contamination of the part of the territory of the Chelyabinsk region, much attention is paid to the analysis of the health status of the population. One of the adverse effects of radiation is the occurrence of neoplasms. As a result of a number of emergency situations, digestive organs received one of the largest doses of the radiation.

Materials and methods. The study of the adult mortality in four districts: Argayashsky, Kaslinsky, Krasnoarmeysky, Kunashaksky was performed over a 50-year period from 1947 to 1996. The following age groups were studied: 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70 and older. 

Results. An increase in the mortality of adult male and female population from malignant neoplasms of the esophagus, stomach, intestines and “other and unspecified digestive, and peritoneal organs” was found. The greatest differences with the control in all localities, except for malignant neoplasms of the intestine, were observed from the beginning of the 1950s to the end of the 1960s. The peak of mortality from bowel cancer occurs in the 1970s–1980s. Districts differ in the level and trend in mortality: the maximum and earliest gain in mortality was observed in villages located along the river Techa of Argayash and Krasnoarmeysky districts. A later and less pronounced increase in indicators in the Kasli and Kunashak districts is associated with uncontrolled atmospheric emissions in the initial period of the plant’s operation, then the consequences of the 1957 accident and the spread of radioactive dust in 1967. In the Kunashak district, the increase in mortality is of a short-term nature. The main increase in indicators falls on the population over 50 years.

Limitations. The study period is limited to 1996 due to the fact that it was not possible to collect more recent data.

Conclusion. The adult mortality rate from malignant neoplasms of the digestive organs in four rural areas: Argayashsky, Krasnoarmeysky, Kaslinsky, Kunashaksky significantly exceeds the control indicators. The territories differ significantly in levels and trends in mortality, the highest values were found in the Krasnoarmeysky and Argayashsky districts.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the submission of the conclusion of the Biomedical ethics committee.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

Acknowledgment. The study had no funding. 

Received: January 31, 2022 / Accepted: June 08, 2022 / Published: February 15, 2023 

作者简介

Lidiya Konshina

Institute of Industrial Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: lida@ecko.uran.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1191-0651

MD, PhD, senior researcher of the Institute of Industrial Ecology Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation.

e-mail: lida@ecko.uran.ru 

俄罗斯联邦

参考

  1. Linge I.I., Kryshev I.I., eds. Radioecological Situation in the Regions Where are Located the State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom Enterprises [Radioekologicheskaya obstanovka v regionakh raspolozheniya predpriyatii Gosudarstvennoĭ korporatsii po atomnoi energii «Rosatom»]. Moscow; 2021. (in Russian)
  2. Tolstikov V.S., Kuznetsov V.N. Nuclear Heritage in the Urals: Historical Assessments and Documents [Yadernoe nasledie na Urale: istoricheskie otsenki i dokumenty]. Ekaterinburg: Bank kul’turnoy informatsii; 2017. (in Russian)
  3. Shoygu S.K., ed. Consequences of Technogenic Radiation Exposure and Problems of Rehabilitation of the Ural Region [Posledstviya tekhnogennogo radiatsionnogo vozdeystviya i problemy reabilitatsii Ural’skogo regiona]. Moscow: Komtekhprint; 2002. (in Russian)
  4. Utkin V.I., Chebotina M.Ya., Evstigneev A.V., Ekidin A.A., Rybakov E.N., Trapeznikov A.V., et al. Radioactive troubles of the Urals [Radioaktivnye bedy Urala]. Yekaterinburg; 2000. (in Russian)
  5. Akleev A.V., Degteva M.O., Krestinina L.Yu. Comparative analysis of medical and dosimetric consequences of the 1957 accident and contamination of the Techa river from the perspective of protective measures efficiency. Radiatsionnaya gigiena. 2020; 13(1): 16–26. https://doi.org/10.21514/1998-426X-2020-13-1-16-26 (in Russian)
  6. Kon’shina L.G., Kocheva N.O. Mortality of the population of rural areas of the Sverdlovsk region that have fallen under the VURS. In: Materials of the III International Symposium. Chronic Radiation Exposure: Medical and Biological Effects [Materialy III Mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma. Khronicheskoe radiatsionnoe vozdeystvie: mediko-biologicheskie effekty]. Chelyabinsk; 2005. (in Russian)
  7. Krestinina L.Yu., Silkin S.S., Mikryukova L.D., Epifanova S.B., Akleev A.V. Solid cancer incidence risk in the Ural cohort of the accidentally exposed population: 1956–2017. Radiatsionnaya gigiena. 2020; 13(3): 6–15. https://doi.org/10.21514/1998-426X-2020-13-3-6-17 (in Russian)
  8. Kon’shina L.G. Mortality from malignant neoplasms of the digestive organs in the cities of the Chelyabinsk region affected by radiation accidents. Gigiena i Sanitaria (Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian journal). 2021; 100(6): 568–79. https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-6-568-579 (in Russian)
  9. Vasil’ev A.G., ed. Remote Ecological and Genetic Consequences of Radiation Incidents: Totsky Nuclear Explosion (Orenburg Region, 1954) [Otdalennye ekologo-geneticheskie posledstviya radiatsionnykh intsidentov: Totskiy yadernyy vzryv (Orenburgskaya oblast’, 1954 g.)]. Yekaterinburg: Yekaterinburg; 2000. (in Russian)
  10. Lazarev A.F., Shoykhet Ya.N., Petrova V.D. Distinctive characteristics of malignant neoplasms in the population of the Altai Territory exposed to prolonged radiation exposure due to long-term tests of nuclear charges at the Semipalatinsk test site. Voprosy onkologii. 1995; 41(2): 23–5. (in Russian)
  11. Kovrigin A.O., Lubennikov V.A., Kolyado I.B., Vikhlyanov I.V., Lazarev A.F., Shoykhet Ya.N. Estimation of cancer incidence in the male population of the Altai Krai affected by the Semipalatinsk nuclear test. Sibirskiy onkologicheskiy zhurnal. 2021; 20(6): 7–12. https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2021-20-6-7-12 (in Russian)
  12. Statistical Yearbook for the Chelyabinsk Region: Statistical Collection [Statisticheskiy ezhegodnik po Chelyabinskoy oblasti: Statisticheskiy sbornik]. Chelyabinsk; 2019. (in Russian)
  13. Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100. Available at: https://www.populationpyramid.net
  14. Siegel R.L., Miller K.D., Fuchs H.E., Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2021. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2021; 71(1): 7–33. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21654
  15. Valean S., Armen P., Resteman S., Nagy G., Muresan A., Mircea P.A. Cancer mortality in Romania, 1955–2004, Digestive sites: esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum, pancreas, liver, gallbladder and biliary tree. J. Gastrointestin. Liver Dis. 2008; 17(1): 9–14.
  16. Fattakhov T.A., Mironova A.A., P’yankova A.I., Shakhzadova A.O. Cancer mortality in Russia for the period 1965–2019: main structural changes and trends. Sibirskiy onkologicheskiy zhurnal. 2021; 20(4): 5–20. https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2021-20-4-5-20 (in Russian)
  17. Zhang T., Chen H., Zhang Y., Yin X., Man J., Yang X., et al. Global changing trends in incidence and mortality of gastric cancer by age and sex, 1990–2019: Findings from Global Burden of Disease Study. J. Cancer. 2021; 12(22): 6695–705. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.62734

补充文件

附件文件
动作
1. JATS XML
下载

版权所有 © Konshina L.G., 2024


СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 37884 от 02.10.2009.