Аcoustic characteristics of the optic nerve in children with normal and congenital pathologies

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Abstract

AIM: To determine the acoustic biometric parameters of the optic nerve in children with normal and congenital pathologies.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: In total, 130 children (260 eyes) aged from 1 year to 16 years were examined. Of these children, 80 (160 eyes) had congenital pathology—hypoplasia and partial atrophy of the optic nerve (ON). The control group consisted of 50 healthy children (100 eyes), who had no ON and retina diseases and refractive errors, except for mild myopia. The healthy children and those with ON pathology were divided into age groups: 1–3 years (group 1), 4–10 years (group 2), and 11–16 years (group 3). Ultrasound examination included measuring the thickness of the retrobulbar part of the ON sheaths.

RESULTS: The average ON sheath thickness (ONST) of groups 1, 2 and 3 were 3.78±0.1, 4.26±0.06, and 4.19±0.09 mm, respectively. A statistically significant relationship was established by age and sex of the examined children and ONST (p <0.05). The mean ONST was significantly lower in girls than in boys (p <0.05). In 48 children (96 eyes), ONST decreased in groups 2 and 3 compared with the control group (p >0.05). In 32 children (64 eyes) with ON hypoplasia, the ONST significantly decreased in all age groups compared with the control group (p <0.05).

CONCLUSION: The ultrasound examination of the ON can be used for the clinical and functional diagnosis for congenital anomalies (hypoplasia of the ON and ON partial atrophy) and pathological conditions of the brain.

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About the authors

Tatiana V. Sudovskaya

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: sudovskaya-tv@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8878-4425
SPIN-code: 8196-5229

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Tatiana N. Kiseleva

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: tkiseleva05@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9185-6407
SPIN-code: 5824-5991
Scopus Author ID: 34067953700

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Рrofessor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Elena K. Eliseeva

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Author for correspondence.
Email: eliseevaek@ya.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8099-592X
SPIN-code: 2972-9208

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alena V. Baeva

Moscow Evdokimov State Medical Stomatological University of Medicine and Dentistry

Email: baeva_a2804@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2073-7627
SPIN-code: 7151-6437

MD, Graduate Student

Russian Federation, Moscow

Maxim S. Zaitsev

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: zaicev1549@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4135-1128
SPIN-code: 2390-5647

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Ludmila V. Kogoleva

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: kogoleva@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2768-0443
SPIN-code: 2241-7757

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Kseniya V. Lugovkina

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: ksushalyg@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3531-3846
SPIN-code: 9919-6167

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Aleksey N. Bedretdinov

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: anbedretdinov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2947-1143
SPIN-code: 1714-7669

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Echogram of the optic nerves of a healthy boy aged 15 months and biometric data of the retrobulbar optic nerve of the right (OD) and left (OS) eyes.

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3. Fig. 2. Echogram of the optic nerves of a healthy girl aged 10 years and biometric data of the retrobulbar optic nerve of the right (OD) and left (OS) eyes.

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4. Fig. 3. Echogram showing atrophy of the optic nerve of both eyes in a 2-year-old girl and biometric data of the retrobulbar optic nerve of the right (OD) and left (OS) eyes.

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5. Fig. 4. Echogram of optic nerve hypoplasia in both eyes of an 8-year-old boy and biometric data of the retrobulbar optic nerve of the right (OD) and left (OS) eyes.

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